耕作方式对植烟土壤酚酸类物质的影响

Effects of Tillage Methods on Phenolic Acids in Tobacco Planting Soil

[目的]明确不同耕作方式对植烟土壤酚酸类物质积累特征的影响,为缓解其自毒化感作用提供理论依据。[方法]以烤烟“K326”为研究材料,进行大田试验,以旋耕20 cm(RT20)为对照,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测旋耕20 cm(RT20)、翻耕30 cm(DT30)、深松30 cm(ST30)和深松40 cm(ST40)下酚酸类物质的种类和含量,并基于相关性分析和逐步回归模型探讨各酚酸类物质的积累特征及其影响。[结果]不同耕作方式下共检出6种酚酸,对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、丁香酸、4-香豆酸、阿魏酸和酚酸总量在DT30处理下含量较低,较RT20分别低13.77%、68.87%、25.81%、19.83%、20.54%、27.09%,且香草酸达到显著差异(P<0.05);除肉桂酸外各酚酸类物质含量均随土层的加深逐渐降低,ST40下对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、丁香酸、4-香豆酸、阿魏酸和酚酸总量较ST30分别低16.41%、8.39%、17.85%、18.57%、35.68%、26.18%;同在30 cm耕作土层中,除肉桂酸外各酚酸含量均表现为DT30<ST30,且DT30下的对羟基苯甲酸含量较ST30低31.48%,达到显著差异(P<0.05)。[结论]翻耕、深松对土壤扰动较大,重塑了根际土壤的不同生态位,对烤烟根际微生态环境产生一定影响,促进了土壤有机质转化和养分循环,有利于酚酸类物质含量的降低。

[Objective]To clarify the effect of different tillage methods on the accumulation characteristics of phenolic acids in tobacco-planting soil,and to provide a theoretical basis for alleviating its autotoxic allelopathy.[Method]Using flue-cured tobacco“K326”as the research material,field experiment was conducted,rotary tillage 20 cm(RT20)was used as a control,high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to detect rotary tillage 20 cm(RT20)and tillage 30 cm(DT30),deep pine 30 cm(ST30)and deep pine 40 cm(ST40)types and contents of phenolic acids,and based on correlation analysis and stepwise regression model to explore the accumulation characteristics of phenolic acids and their effects.[Result]A total of 6 phenolic acids were detected under different tillage methods.The total amount of p-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillic acid,syringic acid,4-coumaric acid,ferulic acid and phenolic acid were all lower in DT30 treatment.RT20 was 13.77%,68.87%,25.81%,19.83%,20.54%and 27.09%lower,respectively,and vanillic acid reached a significant difference(P<0.05);except for cinnamic acid,the content of phenolic acids decreased gradually with the deepening of the soil layer,the total amount of para-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillic acid,syringic acid,4-coumaric acid,ferulic acid and phenolic acid in ST40 were 16.41%,8.39%,17.85%,18.57%,35.68%,26.18%lower than ST30 respectively.Except for cinnamic acid,the content of each phenolic acid in the 30 cm cultivated soil layer was DT30<ST30,and the content of p-hydroxybenzoic acid under DT30 was 31.48%lower than that of ST30,reaching a significant difference(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Tillage and subsoiling have greater disturbances to the soil,reshaping different niche of the rhizosphere soil,have a certain impact on the rhizosphere micro-ecological environment of flue-cured tobacco,promote the conversion of soil organic matter and nutrient cycling,which is beneficial to the content of phenolic acids reduce.