甘肃省甘南州麻风病防治与防治策略

Leprosy prevention and control strategy in Gannan Prefecture,Gansu Province

目的:评价甘南州消除麻风病与采取的防治策略和措施的关系。方法:收集整理甘南州1950~2012年麻风防治相关资料,分析麻风病患者的流行特征及采取的防治策略、措施。结果:甘南州的82%的麻风病患者为藏族,且为农牧民;解放初期发病率高达110/10万。在麻风病流行集中地区开展“早发现、早诊断、早隔离、早治疗”和“边调查、边隔离、边治疗”的策略,尤其是三次较大规模的普查与坚持不懈的防治,使甘南州麻风发现率持续下降。结论:在麻风病高流行状态下,开展全民重点调查、隔离治疗、预防性投药等措施有效地控制了传播。但是,持续防治是彻底消除麻风病的关键。

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between leprosy elimination and control strategies and measures in Gannan Prefecture.Methods:the data of leprosy prevention and control in Gannan Prefecture from 1950 to 2012 were collected and analyzed.Results:82% of leprosy patients in Gannan were Tibetan,and farmers and herdsmen.The incidence rate was 110/100 thousand in the early liberation.The strategies of“early detection,early diagnosis,early isolation,early treatment”and“investigation,isolation and treatment”were carried out in leprosy epidemic areas,especially three large-scale general surveys and unremitting prevention and control,which led to the continuous decline of leprosy detection rate in Gannan Prefecture.Conclusion:under the condition of high prevalence of leprosy,measures such as carrying out national key investigation,isolation treatment and preventive drug administration can effectively control the spread of leprosy.However,continuous control is the key to eliminate leprosy.