数字贸易时代跨境数据流动的国际规则

International Rules for Cross-border Data Flows in the Age of Digital Trade

数字贸易时代,跨境数据流动规则是整个数字贸易国际法律的重要组成部分。以WTO为代表的既有多边贸易规则体系能够在一定程度上调整跨境数据流动事项,但因其缺乏针对性且演进过缓不能完全适应数字贸易发展的要求,客观上加速了区域贸易协定在数字议题上的法律供给。美式区域贸易协定中的数据条款纳入了与数据相关的许多新议题,范围拓宽且有明显的刚性化趋向,严控数字保护主义的倾向明显,代表着跨境数据治理规范一种重要的发展方向。

In the era of digital trade,cross-border data flow rules are an important part of the entire international law of digital trade.The existing multilateral trade rules system represented by WTO can adjust cross-border data flow matters to a certain extent,but due to its lack of targeted and slow evolution,it cannot fully adapt to the requirements of the development of digital trade,which in turn accelerates the legal supply of regional trade agreements on digital issues.The data clause in the US-style Regional trade agreement has incorporated many new issues,broadened scope and obvious rigid trend related to data,permeated with the idea of strictly controlling digital protectionism,and also represents an important development direction of cross-border data governance norms.