布尔迪厄社会实践理论在国内外健康促进中的应用综述

Review of the Application of Bourdieu's Social Practice Theory in Health Promotion in China and Abroad

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的爆发迫切要求健康促进向健康生产与再生产的社会学转型。国内健康促进的健康信念模型、社会支持、社会生态学模型等理论未能系统地揭示健康背后存在经济资本、文化资本、社会资本、符号资本的力量,以及从微观到宏观层面之间的相互作用逻辑。布尔迪厄社会实践理论阐释了健康促进各个层面背后存在习性、资本与场域的动态相互作用,从而形成健康的生产与再生产实践逻辑,在国外健康不平等、疾病预防、健康生活方式、健康社区构建中发挥了指导作用。应该倡导在健康促进领域增加布尔迪厄社会实践理论的研究,重视对新冠疫情下健康的社会化再生产逻辑及策略的分析。

The outbreak of COVID-19 urgently requires a sociological transition from health promotion to health production and reproduction.The theories of health promotion in China including the health belief model,social support and social ecology model fail to reveal the power of economic,cultural,social and symbolic capital behind health and the logic of interaction between micro and macro levels.Bourdieu's social practice theory explains the dynamic interaction of habitus,capital and field behind all levels of health promotion,thus forming the practical logic of health production and reproduction,which has provided guidance for health inequality,disease prevention,healthy lifestyle,and healthy community construction abroad.It is recommended to increase the study of Bourdieu's social practice theory in the field of health promotion,especially analyzing the logic and strategy of socialized reproduction of health under the epidemic of COVID-19.