社会支持在银川市NICU早产儿母亲育儿胜任感与焦虑抑郁间的中介作用

The Mediating Role of Social Support on Parenting Sense of Competence,Anxiety and Depression of Mothers of Premature Infants in NICU in Yinchuan

目的:调查分析新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)早产儿母亲育儿胜任感、社会支持及焦虑、抑郁的现状,探讨社会支持在早产儿母亲育儿胜任感与焦虑、抑郁之间的中介作用。方法:采用整群抽样法,选取2019年1-6月入住银川市3所三级甲等综合医院及1所三级甲等专科医院的NICU早产儿母亲为研究对象,于早产儿入NICU后第7天对早产儿母亲进行问卷调查。结果:共得到952份有效问卷。存在焦虑(49.396±9.529)、抑郁(55.464±11.940)的早产儿母亲分别占46.74%和55.15%,且其育儿胜任感总分为(70.935±10.790),社会支持总分为(50.860±11.596)。相关分析结果显示,早产儿母亲育儿胜任感总分与社会支持总分及其各维度得分呈正相关(r=0.063-0.482,P<0.05);早产儿母亲育儿胜任感(r焦虑=-0.280,r抑郁=-0.244)、社会支持(r焦虑=-0.326,r抑郁=-0.634)总分与其焦虑、抑郁总分之间呈负相关(P<0.01)。社会支持在早产儿母亲育儿胜任感与焦虑、抑郁之间的中介效应占总效应的32.55%、76.24%。结论:社会支持在NICU早产儿母亲育儿胜任感和焦虑、抑郁之间存在中介作用,早产儿母亲育儿胜任感既可直接影响其焦虑、抑郁水平,也可通过社会支持对焦虑、抑郁产生间接作用。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the status of Parenting Sense of Competence(PSOC),social support,anxiety and depression of mothers of premature infants admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU),and to explore the mediating effect of social support on PSOC and anxiety,depression of mothers of premature infants.Methods:From January to June 2019,the mothers of premature infants admitted in NICU in 3 Grade-A tertiary general hospitals and a Grade-A tertiary specialized hospital in Yinchuan were selected as the subjects with cluster sampling.On the 7th day after premature infants were admitted to NICU,a questionnaire survey was conducted among mothers of premature infants.Results:A total of 952 valid questionnaires were obtained.The mothers of premature infants with anxiety(49.396±9.529)and depression(55.464±11.940)accounted for 46.74% and 55.15% respectively.The total scores of PSOC and social support were(70.935±10.790)and(50.860±11.596).The results of correlation analysis showed the scores of PSOC and each dimension were positively correlated with that of social support and each dimension(r=0.063-0.482,P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between the total scores of PSOC(r a=-0.280,r d=-0.244),social support(r a=-0.326,r d=-0.634)and anxiety,depression(P<0.01).The mediating effect of social support between PSOC,anxiety and depression of mothers of premature infants accounted for 32.55% and 76.24% of the total effect.Conclusion:Social support plays a mediating role between PSOC and anxiety,depression of mothers of premature infants in NICU.PSOC not only directly affects the level of anxiety and depression,but also has an indirect effect on anxiety and depression through social support.