新时代教育督导的现实样态及完善路径--基于东中西部13省(市、自治区)的调研

The Current Situation and Improvement Path of Educational Inspection in the New Era--Based on the Survey of 13 Provinces(Municipalities and Autonomous Regions)in China's Eastern,Central and Western Regions

教育督导在督促落实教育法律法规和教育方针政策、规范办学行为、提高教育质量等方面发挥着重要作用,然而人们对于教育督导在实践中的落实情况缺乏客观的、全面的把握。以义务教育为研究对象,基于对东中西部13个省(市、自治区)136个区县的625名政府和教育行政部门行政人员、18305名学校领导与教师的问卷调查和部分访谈,分析新时代教育督导的现实样态,提出新时代教育督导的完善路径:“管办评”分离,保障教育督导的独立性;加强督导队伍专业化水平,尤其加强西部地区和乡村学校督导队伍建设;建立健全义务教育督导标准化评估体系,提高督导的科学性和合理性;强化督导结果的应用;加强对政府及教育行政部门的督导。

Educational inspection plays an important role in inspecting the implementation of education laws and regulations,education guidelines and policies,standardizing school-running behavior,and improving the quality of education.However,people lack an objective and comprehensive grasp of the implementation of the educational inspection in practice.Taking compulsory education as the research object,this research based on questionnaire surveys and interviews with 625 government and education administrative department administrators,18305 school leaders and teachers from 136 districts and counties in 13 provinces in the eastern,central and western regions,analyzed the current situation of the education inspection system in the new era,and put forward the improvement path of the education inspection in the new era:to separate “school management,running and evaluation” so as to ensure the independence of education inspection;to strengthen the professional level of supervision teams,especially the construction of supervision teams in western regions and for rural schools;to establish and complete a standardized evaluation system for compulsory education inspection to improve the scientific and rationality of inspection;to strengthen the use of inspection results;to strengthen the inspection of governments and education administration departments.