磷酸酶与张力蛋白同源物在多种疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of PTEN in various diseases

磷酸酶与张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)基因,又称MMAC1或TEP1,为1997年发现的抑癌基因,属于PTP(proteintyrosinephosphatases)基因家族成员。PTEN具有脂质磷酸酶和蛋白磷酸酶活性,其底物是磷脂酰肌醇(3,4,5)-三磷酸(PIP3)。研究发现:PTEN可以通过去磷酸化PIP3调节下游效应分子及信号通路,如AKT/PKB激酶、PI3K/AKT/MTOR信号通路等。PTEN具有广泛的生物学特性,参与肿瘤、心血管疾病、肾脏疾病、纤维化和神经系统疾病、自身免疫病的发生及发展,在多种疾病中起重要作用。

Phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)gene,also known as MMAC1 or TEP1,is a tumor suppressor gene discovered in 1997 and belongs to the family of PTP(protein tyrosine phosphatases).PTEN has the activity of lipid phosphatase and protein phosphatase,and its substrate is phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-triphosphate(PIP3).The study found that PTEN can regulate downstream effector molecules and signaling pathways,such as Akt/PKB kinase,PI3 K/Akt/m TOR signaling pathways,by dephosphorylating PIP3.PTEN has a wide range of biological characteristics,and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumor,cardiovascular disease,kidney disease,fibrosis,nervous system disease and autoimmune disease.