数据中心网络架构和底层协议演进

Data Center Infrastructure and Underlay Protocol Evolution

受计算规模的驱动,数据中心物理拓扑从接入-汇聚-核心三级网络架构演进到基于Clos的Spine-and-Leaf架构。计算资源的基本单位经历了物理服务器、虚拟机、容器化3个阶段。数据中心底层(underlay)连接协议逐步从以二层协议为主演进到以IP路由协议为主。但传统路由协议存在可扩展性、拓扑可见性、自动化部署能力等诸多问题。结合链路状态和距离矢量的胖树路由协议,解决了超大规模数据中心部署的痛点问题,有望逐渐成为超大规模数据中心底层网络的主流技术。

Driven by the scale of computing,the physical topology of the data center has evolved from an access-aggregation-core three-level network architecture to a Closbased Spine-and-Leaf architecture.The basic unit of computing resources has gone through three stages:physical server,virtual machine,and containerization.The underlay connection protocol of the data center has gradually evolved from layer 2 protocol to IP routing protocol.However,traditional routing protocols have many problems,such as scalability,topology visibility,and automated provision capabilities.The fat-tree routing protocol,which combines link state and distance vector,solves the pain points of ultralarge-scale data center deployment,and is expected to gradually become the mainstream technology for ultra-large-scale data center underlay networks.