太湖西山岛山坞村落空间特征分析

An Analysis of the Spatial Characteristics of Col Villages in Xishan Island of Taihu Lake

传统村落作为农耕文明生活、聚居、繁衍的空间单元,具有重要的研究价值.通过对太湖西山历史风貌、遗存保留较好的村落进行实地调查,发现它们多位于山坞地形之中,形成山坞村落.采用田野调查法,结合遥感卫星影像与文献查阅,详细阐述了西山山坞村落的空间构成要素、典型地形剖面及村落平面空间特征.西山山坞村落空间构成要素可分为外部非生产性空间、外部生产性空间与村落内部空间3个层次;按地形特征可分为深坞村和浅坞村两大类;按平面空间特征可分为鱼骨型、扇形型及团网型三大类.旨在更加科学地解读西山山坞村落营建过程中对于自然环境的适应能力,今后可在传统村落的保护、更新与活化中发挥价值.

Traditional villages are of important research value as the space unit for agricultural civilized life,settlement,and reproduction.Through the field investigation of the villages with good historical features and well-preserved remains in Xishan Mountain of Taihu Lake,it is found that most of them are in the col,forming col villages.With the field investigation method,combined with remote sensing satellite images and literatures,the spatial constituent elements,the typical topographical section and the planar spatial characteristics of the col villages in Xishan are elaborated.The spatial constituent elements of the col villages in Xishan are divided into three levels:external unproductive space,external productive space and internal space.According to the topographic characteristics,the col villages are divided into two types:deep col village and shallow col village.According to the characteristics of planar spatial characteristics,the col villages are divided into three categories:the fishbone type,the fan-shaped type and the netlike type.The purpose of this study is to scientifically interpret the col villages'adaptability to the natural environment,which could play a role in the protection,renewal and activation of traditional villages in the future.