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茶园三种间作模式对小贯小绿叶蝉及其天敌功能团群落的影响 被引量:7

Effects of Intercropping on the Population of Empoasca onukii Matsuda and Its Natural Enemies Guilds
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摘要 为探讨茶园间作对茶园小贯小绿叶蝉(Empoasca onukii Matsuda)的生态调控作用,本研究开展樱花(Cerasus sp.)、圆叶决明(Chamaecrista rotundifolia)、油菜(Brassica napus L.)间作茶园中小贯小绿叶蝉种群时序动态,及其天敌功能团组成结构、种群数量时序变化调查,分析间作茶园中小贯小绿叶蝉天敌功能团群落多样性和益害比。结果显示:樱花-茶、圆叶决明-茶和油菜-茶中小贯小绿叶蝉的时间动态变化趋势与常规茶园无显著差异,但发生量较同期常规茶园显著下降(P=0.034<0.05),全年分别下降25%~225%、20%~82.6%和20%~100%;经调查、鉴定得出,同期茶园小贯小绿叶蝉天敌功能团隶属于蜘蛛目、脉翅目和膜翅目,共计9个科、12个种,均为肉食性节肢动物;不同间作茶园中小贯小绿叶蝉天敌功能团种群的优势种、从属种和偶见种存在差异;与常规茶园相比,樱花-茶、圆叶决明-茶可显著提高蜘蛛、捕食性昆虫和寄生性昆虫的种群数量(P<0.05),油菜-茶可显著提高茶园中捕食性昆虫和寄生性昆虫的发生量,但对蜘蛛的发生量无显著影响;樱花-茶的小贯小绿叶蝉与天敌功能团益害比显著高于油菜-茶和圆叶决明-茶;多样性指数分析显示,樱花-茶、圆叶决明-茶、油菜-茶的小贯小绿叶蝉天敌功能团群落多样性与常规茶园存在显著差异,且通过聚类分析得出,当兰氏距离为4.79时,茶树间作模式分为2类,一类为常规茶园,一类为樱花-茶、油菜-茶和圆叶决明-茶。研究结果表明,间作樱花、圆叶决明、油菜能有效降低茶园中小贯小绿叶蝉的发生量,提高天敌功能团的种群数量和益害比,对小贯小绿叶蝉的发生起到明显的生态控制作用。 The regulation function of Empoasca onukii Matsuda in ecological tea garden intercropped with Cerasus sp.,Chamaecrista rotundifolia(Pers.),Brassica napus L.was studied.In this study,the population temporal dynamics of E.onukii the composition and population quantity variation of its natural enemies guilds were investigated,and then the community diversity and ratio of beneficial to harmful insect were also analyzed.There was no significant difference in the temporal dynamics of E.onukii between the intercropping and conventional tea garden,but a significant reduction in the population of E.onukii occurred in the intercropping tea garden compared with the control with p value 0.034,and the initial population number reduced by 25%-225%,20%-82.6%and 20%-100%,respectively.Natural enemy guilds of E.onukii belonged to Araneae,Pulptera and Hymenoptera,including 9 families and 12 species,and all were carnivorous arthropods through investigation and identification.The dominant species,subordinate species and occasional species of the natural enemy guilds showed differentce between intercropped tea gardens.The number of natural enemy populations in intercropping gardens was higher than that of conventional tea gardens,and the density of parasitic populations in the intercropping garden was higher than that of the E.onukii intercropping tea garden.The cluster analysis of community diversity index of E.onukii and its natural enemies in the intercropping garden showed that when Ransom distance was 4.79,tea intercropping patterns were divided into two categories,the conventional tea garden,the rape tea and round leaf Cassia tea.The results indicated that the density of E.onukii decreased,natural enemy population increased,the ratio of beneficial to harmful insect was also improved in the tea garden intercropped with Cerasus sp.,C.rotundifolia(Pers.),B.napus L.revealing the best biological control for E.onukii.
作者 胡桂萍 叶川 曹红妹 王亚威 蔡翔 王礼献 王丰 张国彪 HU Guiping;YE Chuan;CAO Hongmei;WANG Yawei;CAI Xiang;WANG Lixian;WANG Feng;ZHANG Guobiao(Jiangxi Sericulture and Tea Research Institute(Jiangxi Cash Crops Research Institute),Nanchang,Jiangxi 330202,China)
出处 《热带作物学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2021年第6期1770-1776,共7页 Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金 江西省软科学研发计划项目(No.20161BBI90008)。
关键词 间作茶园 小贯小绿叶蝉 天敌功能团 生态调控 tea intercropping garden Empoasca onukii Matsuda natural enemy guilds biological control
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