不同体积分数纳米Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒增强铝基复合材料的力学性能探究

Research on Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced by Nano Al_(2)O_(3) Particles with Different Volume Fractions

复合材料高强度和高塑性不可兼得的难题限制了其广泛的运用,因此如何制备高强度和高塑性的复合材料是使其具有更广泛运用的关键。采用高能球磨和真空热压烧结技术制备不同体积分数纳米Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒增强铝基复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对复合材料的微观结构进行分析,通过准静态压缩测试复合材料的力学性能,并对复合材料的失效方式进行了初步分析。研究结果表明纳米Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒在铝基体中分散均匀,没有发生团聚现象。随着纳米Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒体积分数的增加复合材料的强度提升明显,其中15vol.%-Al_(2)O_(3)/Al复合材料的最大压缩强度达到741 MPa,同时具有23.5%的失效应变,复合材料的失效方式也由脆性-韧性混合断裂转变为脆性断裂。研究结果对铝基复合材料的研究以及工业运用具有一定的参考价值。

The difficulty of high strength and high plasticity of composite materials limits its wide application,so how to prepare high strength and high plasticity composite materials is the key to make it more widely used.In this paper,high-energy ball milling and vacuum hot-pressing sintering technology are used to prepare aluminum matrix composites with different volume fractions of nano-Al_(2)O_(3) particles.The X-ray diffractometer(XRD)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)are used to analyze the microstructure of the composite material.The mechanical property of the composite material is tested by the quasi-static compression,and a preliminary analysis of the failure mode of the composite material is carried out.The research results show that the nano-Al_(2)O_(3) particles are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix without agglomeration.With the increase in the volume fraction of nano-Al_(2)O_(3) particles,the strength of the composite material increases significantly.The maximum compressive strength of the 15vol.%-Al_(2)O_(3)/Al composite material reaches 741 MPa,and it has a failure strain of 23.5%.The failure mode of the composite material is also transformed from brittleness-ductile mixed fracture into brittle fracture.The research results have a certain reference value for the research and industrial application of aluminum matrix composites.