德国表现主义绘画风格浅析——以德国表现主义画家路德维希·基希纳和埃里希·赫克尔为例

On the Role of Ludwig Kirchner and Erich Heckel's Artistic Style in the Establishment of Expressionism

路德维希·基希纳,埃里希·赫克尔是1905年成立的表现主义艺术家团体“桥社”的最重要成员,也是该团体的创始成员,他们一直致力于开创新的艺术之路,直至1913年5月该团体解散。在1905年到1911年期间基希纳和赫克尔一起。他们带着模特们一起去莫里茨堡湖进行写生创作。他们交流艺术思想,分享构图形式,一起看舞剧,以及游艺演出和马戏表演,以便更直观地练习绘画人体运动。这种紧密的工作和生活方式使灵感得到激发,使这一崭新的独立的风格成功作为“桥社”表现主义并且成为了20世纪艺术史的一部分。1909年至1911年间集体风格鼎盛时期,基希纳和赫克尔的作品有惊人地相似之处,集体风的创作狂热已远远超越了个人风格,期间他们的创作受到了梵高和原始主义的影响。

Ludwig Kirchner,Erich Heckel were the most important and founding members of the group of expressionist artists"Bridges"founded in 1905.They were dedicated to creating new artistic paths until the group was dissolved in May 1913.Kirchner worked with Heckel between 1905 and 1911.They took their models to Moritzburg Lake to paint.They exchanged artistic ideas,shared composition forms,watched dance plays together,and enjoyed performances and circuses so that they could more intuitively practice drawing human movements.This close working and living style inspired the success of this new independent style as"bridge society"expressionism and became part of the art history of the 20th century.In the heyday of collectivist style between 1909 and 1911,when there were striking similarities between Kirchner and Heckel,the collectivist mania had gone far beyond individual style,and their work was influenced by Van Gogh and primitivism.