通过保护气体装置实时调节热输入的电弧增材工艺研究

Process Research on Wire and Arc Additive Manufacture with Real-time Adjustment of Heat Input through Protective Gas Device

电弧增材制造技术以电弧为载能束,采用逐层堆焊的方式制造金属实体构件,具有广阔的发展前景,但该技术仍存在合金元素烧损、热裂纹、产品变形等问题。因此,本研究通过调节保护气体的混合比例,研究混合气体与热输入量之间的关系,开发一种实时控制热输入量的电弧增材工艺。研究表明:由于氦气的电离能、导热率高,氦气的含量与电弧电压成正相关;以氦气和氩气为混合气体的保护气体装置可以有效地调节热输入量。

Wire and Arc Additive Manufacture(WAAM)can manufacture metal solid components through layer by layer surfacing based on the arc as energy beam,and shows a broad development prospect.However,the excessive heat input of the middle and rear section cause burning loss,deformation even or collapse of the product.By adjusting the mixing ratio of protective gases,the heat input in WAAM process can be adjusted in real-time.The relationship between the mixture gas and heat input was studied,and thus a real-time WAAM process was obtained to control the heat input.The results indicated that the helium content was positively related to the arc voltage because of the high ionization energy,heat conductivity and heat transfer coefficient.The protective gas device with helium and argon as mixture gases can effectively adjust the heat input.