对养老机构老年人实施身体约束的伦理思考

Ethical Consideration on the Implementation of Physical Restraint for the Elderly in Aged Care Institutions

尽管身体约束对老年人的身体、心理、社会适应能力等方面造成严重伤害,但身体约束在老年人照护过程中已成为一种常见护理操作。老年人随着年龄增长,身体机能下降,护理人员在对其使用身体约束时更需要关注老年人的安全和健康问题。为达到优质的老年照护目标,国外已有许多研究者呼吁减少对老年人身体约束的使用。基于国内外养老机构老年人身体约束的使用现状,从尊重和不伤害的原则,护理员的道德困境及家属的态度三个方面探讨身体约束在养老机构使用的伦理考虑,并分析身体约束在养老机构使用的法律考量。

Although physical restraint causes serious harm to the physical,psychological and social adaptability of the elderly,physical restraint has become a common nursing operation in the process of elderly care.With the increase of age,the physical function of the elderly is declining,and nurses need to pay more attention to the safety and health of the elderly when using physical restraint.In order to achieve the goal of high-quality care for the elderly,many foreign researchers have called for reducing the use of physical restraint on the elderly.Based on the domestic and international current situation of the use of physical restraint for the elderly in aged care institutions,this paper discussed the ethical consideration of the use of physical restraint in aged care institutions from three aspects:the principle of respect and no harm,the moral distress of nurses and the attitude of family members,and analyzed the legal consideration of the use of physical restraint in aged care institutions.