政府支持对返乡创业绩效的影响

The Effect of Government Support on the Firm Performance in Rural Area

基于资源依赖理论,并利用中国29个省、市、自治区2 035家返乡创业企业的调查数据,使用有序概率模型(OProbit)考察了政府支持对返乡创业绩效的影响。研究发现:(1)政府支持对返乡创业绩效具有正向作用,具体表现为营业收入和净利润的增加,这一结论在处理了内生性问题以及经过一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立;(2)中介效应分析显示,新增投资是政府支持提升返乡创业绩效的作用机制;(3)政府支持对返乡创业绩效的正向影响具有异质性,即缺乏经济资本、人力资本和政治资本的企业能够从政府支持中获得更大的绩效收益。指出返乡创业是实现农村经济社会高质量发展的重要途径,政府应充分发挥农民在返乡创业过程中的作用,加大金融支持力度,扩大政策信息的传播范围,并且逐步提升创业者的政策素养。

Returning home to start a business is an important way to realize the high quality development of rural economy and society.Based on the resource dependence theory,and using the survey data of 2035 enterprises in 29 provinces,this paper examines the impact of government support on the performance of returning home entrepreneurship.The results show that:(1)government support has a positive effect on the performance of returning home entrepreneurship,which is manifested in the increase of operating income and net profit.This conclusion still holds after dealing with the endogenous problem and after a series of robustness tests;(2)the mediating effect analysis shows that the new investment is the mechanism of government support to improve the performance of returning home entrepreneurship;(3)the positive impact of government support on the performance of returning home entrepreneurship is heterogeneous,that is,the enterprises lacking economic capital,human capital and political capital can get the support from the government.More performance benefits can be obtained in support.Therefore,full play should be given to the role of the government in the process of returning home to start a business,such as increasing financial support,expanding the scope of policy information dissemination,and improving the policy literacy of entrepreneurs.