如何正确运用χ^(2)检验——高维表资料优势比分析与SAS实现

How to use χ^(2) test correctly——the analysis of common odds ratio for the data of a multiway table and the implementation of SAS software

本文目的是介绍g×2×2表资料的优势比分析方法和基于SAS软件实现计算的方法。内容包括以下几个方面:其一,g×2×2表资料各层优势比的齐性检验;其二,当资料满足齐性要求时,基于校正的方法对共同优势比进行点估计和置信区间估计;其三,当资料不满足齐性要求时,基于“各层2×2表中(1,1)网格内的频数的条件分布”的方法对共同优势比进行精确点估计、置信区间估计和假设检验。通过两个实例,并基于SAS/STAT中的FREQ过程实现全部计算,对输出结果进行了解释,并做出了统计和专业结论。

The purpose of this article was to introduce the odds ratio analysis method of g×2×2 table data and the calculation method based on SAS software.The contents included the following aspects:firstly,the homogeneity test of the odds ratio of the data in the g×2×2 table was performed;secondly,when the data met the homogeneity requirements,point estimation and confidence interval estimation for the common odds ratio based on the correction method were implemented;thirdly,when the data did not meet the homogeneity requirements,based on the approach of"the conditional distribution of the frequency in the(1,1)grid in each layer 2×2 table",these things,such as the point estimation and confident interval estimation as well as hypothesis testing about the common odds ratio,were accurately estimated and performed.All calculations were realized based on the FREQ procedure in SAS/STAT by means of two real examples.Furthermore,the output results of SAS software were explained,and the statistical and professional conclusions were made.