大学生心理优势对生活满意度的影响:自我效能感和应对方式的中介作用

Effect of psychological strength on life satisfaction among university students:mediating roles of general self-efficacy and coping style

目的探讨大学生心理优势对生活满意度的影响以及一般自我效能感和应对方式在其中的作用机制。方法采用电子问卷的形式,随机对浙江省某高校共913名本科生和研究生进行问卷调查。测量工具包括优势知识与使用量表(SKSUS)、压力情境下的应对量表(CISS)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)以及生活满意度量表(SWLS)。使用Bootstrap方法进行中介作用分析。结果①优势知识、优势使用、任务导向应对方式、GSES与SWLS评分均呈正相关(r=0.390、0.522、0.345、0.500,P均<0.01);②优势使用、任务导向应对方式和一般自我效能感在优势知识与生活满意度之间起链式中介作用(各条分路径的间接效应值总和为0.387,占总效应的96.03%);③情绪导向的应对方式在优势知识和优势使用与生活满意度之间起中介作用(该路径间接效应值为0.011,占总效应的2.73%)。结论优势知识通过优势使用、任务导向应对方式、情绪导向应对方式和一般自我效能感的中介作用,影响大学生的生活满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of psychological strengths on life satisfaction among university students,and to analyze the mediating roles of general self-efficacy and coping style.Methods A random sample of 913 undergraduates and postgraduates from a university in Zhejiang were enrolled,and completed an online questionnaire including Strengths Knowledge and Strength Use Scale(SKSUS),Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations(CISS),General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)and Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS).Then the mediating effect analysis was conducted using Bootstrapping method.Results①Strength knowledge,strength use,task-oriented coping style and GSES scores were positively correlated with SWLS score(r=0.390,0.522,0.345,0.500,P<0.01).②Strength use,task-oriented coping style and general self-efficacy acted as mediators between strength knowledge and life satisfaction(the indirect effect was 0.387,accounting for 96.03%of the total effect).③Emotion-oriented coping style acted as mediator between strength knowledge,strength use and life satisfaction(the indirect effect was 0.011,accounting for 2.73%of the total effect).Conclusion Strength knowledge may affect life satisfaction of college students through the mediating effects of strength use,task-oriented coping style,emotion-oriented coping style and general self-efficacy.