CT增强碘对比剂不良反应预防及护理研究进展

Research Progress in Prevention and Nursing of Adverse Reactions of Iodine Contrast Agent in CT Enhancement

碘对比剂不良反应主要见于需CT增强明确病变的患者,碘对比剂不良反应在对比剂不良反应中发生率最高,不良反应类型由碘对比剂引起的不同致病机制决定,其发生率同时也与对比剂浓度、温度、注射速率密切相关。碘对比剂不良反应的预防及处理及患者的心理护理是CT增强检查的关键一环,对比剂肾病的预防性护理于放射护理而言尤为重要。文章就碘对比剂不良反应发生机制、不良反应的预防及处理、CT增强检查患者的心理护理和对比剂肾病的预防性护理等4个方面综述放射科CT增强检查患者的碘对比剂不良反应的综合处理研究进展,旨在为碘对比剂不良反应的预防和及时有效处理提供参考。

The adverse reactions of iodine contrast agent are mainly seen in patients who need CT enhancement to clarify the lesions.The type of adverse reactions is determined by the different pathogenic mechanism caused by iodine contrast agent,and its incidence is also closely related to the concentration,temperature and injection rate of the contrast agent.The prevention and treatment to adverse reactions of the iodine contrast and the psychological care of patients are the key points of CT enhanced examination. The preventive care of contrast nephropathy is particularly important for radiation nursing. This paper reviews the research progress of the comprehensive treatment to adverse reactions of iodine contrast agents in the patients with CT enhanced examination in radiology department from four aspects: the mechanism of the adverse reactions, the prevention and treatment of the adverse reactions, the psychological nursing of the patients with CT enhanced examination and the preventive care of contrast induced nephropathy. The purpose is to provide idea to prevent and treat adverse reactions of iodine contrast agents timely and effectively.