早产儿父亲喂养态度对出院时喂养状况的影响:支持母乳喂养自我效能的中介效应

Influence of father-feeding attitudes on feeding status of preterm infants at discharge:the mediating effect of self-efficacy in supporting breastfeeding

目的探讨早产儿父亲喂养态度对早产儿出院时喂养状况的影响,及父亲支持母乳喂养自我效能在其中的作用,以期为提高早产儿母乳喂养率的干预措施提供一定的参考和依据。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用方便抽样法,于2020年7—11月选取3所浙江省三甲医院402名早产儿父亲作为研究对象。使用一般资料问卷、简体中文版婴儿喂养态度量表和父亲支持母乳喂养自我效能简式量表进行调查。共发放问卷402份,回收有效问卷376份,有效问卷回收率为93.5%。结果376名早产儿父亲的喂养态度得分为(49.80±9.26)分,支持母乳喂养自我效能得分为(43.23±8.52)分。早产儿父亲支持母乳喂养自我效能在喂养态度和早产儿出院时喂养状况之间起中介作用,中介效应占总效应的33.3%。结论早产儿父亲的喂养态度可通过影响其支持母乳喂养自我效能感而影响早产儿出院时喂养状况。医护人员应帮助早产儿父亲重视母乳喂养,并采取实操性强且形式多样的健康教育方式,帮助早产儿父亲逐步掌握具体的支持行为,提升其支持母乳喂养自我效能感,以提高早产儿母乳喂养率。

Objective To explore the effects of father-feeding attitudes on feeding status in preterm infants at discharge,and the role of father support breastfeeding self-efficacy,in order to provide a certain reference and basis for the intervention to improve the breastfeeding rate of premature infants.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.A total of 402 premature infants'fathers were selected from 3 ClassⅢGrade A hospitals from Zhejiang Province by convenience sampling method from July to November 2020.The basic data questionnaire,Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale and Father Support Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form were used in the investigation.A total of 402 questionnaires were distributed,and 376 valid questionnaires were recovered.The recovery rate of effective questionnaires was 93.5%.Results The score of father-feeding attitude of the 376 premature infants'fathers was(49.80±9.26),and the score of support breastfeeding selfefficacy was(43.23±8.52).Father's self-efficacy of breastfeeding support played a mediating role between feeding attitude and feeding status of premature infants at discharge,and the mediating effect accounted for 33.3%of the total effect.Conclusions The father's feeding attitude can affect the feeding status of premature infants at discharge by influencing their self-efficacy of supporting breastfeeding.Medical staff should help premature fathers pay attention to breastfeeding,adopt practical and diverse health education methods to help premature fathers gradually master specific support behaviors and enhance their self-efficacy in supporting breastfeeding,and ultimately improve the rate of breastfeeding in premature infants.