甘孜县通达玛地区肝包虫病人间流行情况分析

Analysis on the Prevalence Situation of Hepatic Hydatid Disease in Ganzi County

目的了解甘孜县通达玛地区人间包虫病的流行特征及患病的风险因素。方法2019年对甘孜县通达玛地区的查龙、大德、卡龙和茶扎4乡镇进行包虫病筛查,使用Excel软件进行数据库录入,使用SPSS 24.0软件进行卡方检验、Fisher检验、t检验及Logistic回归分析,以P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果共筛查人口4354人,其中男性2251人,女性2103人。筛查到病例730人,患病率为16.77%;其中大德乡219人,茶扎乡139人,查龙镇210人、卡龙乡162人,患病率依次为18.27%(219/1199)、11.00%(139/1263)、22.58%(210/930)、16.83%(162/962);男性患病率为14.26(321/2251)、女性患病率为19.45%(409/2103)。不同乡镇、性别、年龄、职业牧区与非牧区其包虫病分型差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);养犬、养犬时间长、养犬数量多、与牧区犬类接触或玩耍为发生包虫病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论甘孜县通达玛牧区是甘孜县包虫病高流行区,应采取针对传染源的防控措施,实施对犬类的驱虫,降低通达玛牧区居民包虫病的患病率。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics and risk factors of hydatid disease in the Tibetan pastoral area of Datongma,Ganzi county.Methods Four towns including Chalong,Dade,Kalong and Chazha in the Tibetan pastoral area of Datongma in Ganzi county were screened for hydatid disease;Excel software was used for database entry and SPSS 24.0 software was usesd for Chi-square test,Fisher test,t test and logistic regression analysis,the differences was statistically significant(P<0.05).Results A total of 4354 people were screened,including2251 males and 2103 females.Total of 730 cases were screened,and the prevalence rate was 16.77%;among them,219 were in Dade village,139 were in Chazha village,210 were in Chalong village,and 162 were in Kalong village.The prevalence was 18.27%(219/1199).11.00%(139/1263),22.58%(210/930),16.83%(162/962);male prevalence rate was 14.26(321/2251),female prevalence rate was 19.45%(409/2103).There was no statistical difference in the type of hydatid disease in different towns,genders,ages,occupational pastoral areas and non-pastoral areas(P>0.05).Keeping dogs,keeping dogs for a long time,raising a large number of dogs,contacting or playing with dogs in pastoral areas were risk factors for echinococcosis(P<0.05).Conclusions There are many cases of echinococcosis in Tongdama pastoral area of Ganzi county.Prevention and control measures should be taken for the source of infection,and deworming for dogs should be implemented,so that to reduce the prevalence of echinococcosis among residents in Tongdama pastoral area.