四川省40岁及以上城镇居民脑卒中高危人群现况分析

Analysis on the Status of Stroke Prevalence in High-risk Population Aged 40 and Above in Rural Areas of Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省城镇居民脑卒中高危人群分布现状,为城镇居民脑卒中防控措施的制定提供参考依据。方法2017年采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取四川省10个街道作为本次调查的现场,对40岁及以上常住居民采用问卷调查脑卒中高危风险、身体体格检查、实验室检查和颈动脉超声检查,并对数据资料和诊断结果采用χ^(2)检验、χ趋势2检验和H检验等方法分析。检验水准α=0.05。结果收集到40岁及以上城镇调查对象7813人,研究对象人员高危率为21.92%,男性和女性高危率分别为24.37%、20.21%,不同性别脑卒中高危率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。60~69岁组占比最高为36.77%,80岁及以上占比最低(6.00%);随着年龄增加,高危率增加(χ趋势2=185.2,P<0.001);民族以汉族为主,不同民族之间脑卒中高危率无统计学意义(P=0.405);职业以其他和专业技术人员占比最高,分别为33.88%和33.02%,脑卒中高危率最高的是运输人员(39.76%),其次是农、林、牧、渔和水利(32.09%),职业不同,脑卒中高危率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。中专/高中文化教育程度人群,脑卒中高危率最高为24.60%,其次是小学及以下22.22%,不同文化教育程度之间脑卒中高危率无统计学意义(P=0.564)。结论四川省40岁及以上城镇居民脑卒中高危率较高,应针对城镇脑卒中高危居民采取早期防治干预措施将有效的降低脑卒中的发生率。

Objective To investigate the distribution of high-risk populations of stoke in urban residents in Sichuan,and to provide reference for the development of stroke prevention for urban residents.Methods A cluster random sampling method was used and 10 blocks were selected as the research sites in 2017.Questionnaires were used to investigate the high risk of stroke,physical examination,laboratory examination and carotid ultrasound examination.And the data were analyzed by Chi-square test,trend Chi-square test and H test.Results In this study,about 7813 urban survey respondents aged 40 and over were collected,The high-risk rate of the subjects was 21.92%,the high-risk rates for males and females were 24.37%and 20.21%,respectively,and there was a statistically significant difference in the high-risk rates for stroke between different genders(P<0.001).The highest proportion of the 60-69 year-old group was 36.77%,and the lowest proportion of 80-year-old and above was 6.00%;with the increase of age,the high risk rate increases(χtrend2=185.2,P<0.001).The ethnic group was mainly Han,and the high risk rate of stroke between different ethnic groups was not statistically significant(P=0.405).Occupational and other professional and technical personnel were accounted for the highest proportions of 33.88%and 33.02%,respectively,the highest risk of stroke was transportation personnel 39.76%,followed by agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,fishing and water conservancy(32.09%),the difference between different occupations in high-risk stroke rate was statistically significant(P<0.001).In the technical secondary school/high school population,the highest stroke risk rate was 24.60%,followed by elementary school and below which was 22.22%,the stroke risk rate was not statistically significant between different education levels(P=0.564).Conclusion In Sichuan,urban residents aged 40 years old and above have a high risk of stroke,and the early prevention and treatment measures for urban residents with high risk of stroke should be conducted effectively,so that to reduce the incidence of stroke.