深圳市新确证HIV/AIDS患者自杀意念危险因素分析

Risk factors of suicidal ideation among newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients in Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市新确证HIV/AIDS患者自杀意念的流行状况,并探讨其相关影响因素,为后续干预研究提供基础。方法2019年11月至2020年9月,在深圳市市级及各区CDC红丝带门诊抽取新确证HIV/AIDS患者进行横断面调查,使用Logistic回归分析的方法探讨患者自杀意念的影响因素。结果共收集263名HIV/AIDS患者,其中39.92%(105/263)的新确证HIV/AIDS患者有自杀意念。认为自己是被故意传播而感染HIV(aOR=2.066,95%CI:1.123~3.801),有抑郁症(aOR=2.378,95%CI:1.255~4.505),中度(aOR=3.463,95%CI:1.657~7.241)和高度歧视感知(aOR=4.806,95%CI:2.242~10.305)会增加患者出现自杀意念的风险,而年龄为31~40岁(aOR=0.455,95%CI:0.237~0.817)、41~65岁(aOR=0.330,95%CI:0.128~0.853)、具有高度社会支持(aOR=0.318,95%CI:0.134~0.754)降低患者出现自杀意念的风险。结论深圳市新确证HIV/AIDS患者自杀意念水平较高,在患者确证后应尽早开展心理干预工作,以降低其自杀意念的发生风险,进而减少自杀行为的发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence and the influencing factors of suicidal ideation among newly confirmed people living with HIV(PLWH)in Shenzhen.Methods During November 2019 to September 2020,a crosssectional survey was conducted among newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients among outpatients of the Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Shenzhen.The risk factors of suicidal ideation were explored using logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 263 patients were collected,of whom 39.92%(105/263)had suicidal ideation.The risk of suicide ideation was higher among newly diagnosed PLWH with depression(aOR=2.378,95%CI:1.255-4.505),moderate(aOR=3.463,95%CI:1.657-7.241)and high perceptions of discrimination(aOR=4.806,95%CI:2.242-10.305),and perceived intentional transmission of HIV infection(aOR=2.066,95%CI,1.123-3.801),while people aged 31-40 years old(aOR=0.455,95%CI:0.237-0.817),41-65 years old(aOR=0.330,95%CI:0.128-0.853)and with high social support(aOR=0.318,95%CI:0.134-0.754)had a decreased risk of suicidal ideation.Conclusion The prevalence of suicidal ideation in newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients in Shenzhen was relatively high.Psychological intervention should be carried out after the confirmation of HIV infection to reduce the risk of suicidal ideation,and in turn to reduce the occurrence of suicide.