生防菌XC-1的筛选、鉴定及其对马铃薯黑痣病的防效研究

Screening,identification and detection of biocontrol effect of strain XC-1 on Potato Black Scurf

从马铃薯根际土壤中分离筛选得到对立枯丝核菌有较强拮抗作用的菌株XC-1,对其进行鉴定及生防特性分析,并评价其对马铃薯黑痣病的生防效果。形态学、16S rDNA和gyrB基因序列分析以及生理生化检测结果表明,XC-1菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。XC-1菌株具有产纤维素酶、蛋白酶及嗜铁素和HCN能力。同时,具有产生脂肽类活性物质的能力。其发酵液能导致立枯丝核菌菌丝断裂、折叠、膨大等,进而抑制其生长。田间试验结果表明,XC-1在马铃薯苗期、花期以及收获期均有防效,在收获期生防效果达到54.51%。同时,经菌株XC-1菌悬液接种处理后的马铃薯产量与对照组相比增加了22.02%。XC-1是马铃薯黑痣病生防制剂的潜力菌株,具有良好的开发和应用价值。

The strain XC-1 with strong antagonistic activity against Rhizoctonia solani was isolated from rhizospheric soil of potato.The strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on the morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of 16 S rDNA and gyrB.The XC-1 strain produced cellulase,protease,siderophore and hydrogen cyanide.Furthermore,the strain synthesized bioactive lipopeptides.The XC-1 fermented liquid inhibited growth of R.solani and resulted in hyphal abnormalities including breaking,folding and swelling.Field experiments showed that XC-1 had biocontrol efficacy at the seedling stage,flowering stage and harvest stage of potato growth.The biocontrol efficacy could reach 54.51%at the harvest stage.Compared with the non-inoculated treatment,the XC-1 inoculation increased the yields of potatoes by 22.02%.The stain XC-1 is a potential biocontrol agent against potato black scurf and has a great application prospect.