一起建筑行业职业性急性1,2-二氯乙烷中毒事故调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of An Occupational Acute 1,2-Dichloroethane Poisoning Accident in Construction Industry

目的分析1起建筑行业1,2-二氯乙烷急性中毒事故发生的原因,为加强职业安全健康监管提供依据。方法2020-04-20/21,惠州市职业病防治院组织卫生应急队员赶赴现场开展急性中毒事故调查,并对两种品牌粘合剂挥发性有机化学物进行检测,结合职业病危害因素检测结果和患者临床表现进行分析。结果1号品牌PVC-U快速胶粘剂质谱检测结果1,2-二氯乙烷(60.74%~64.67%),无机组分(33.07%~37.60%);2号品牌PVC快速胶粘剂质谱检测结果1,2-二氯乙烷(62.55%~64.26%),无机组分(35.74%~37.45%);现场两个模拟检测点1,2-二氯乙烷检测结果分别为6.9(CTWA,mg/m3)和0.7(CTWA,mg/m3),结合患者中毒性脑病的临床症状,可以确认该起事故为职业性急性1,2-二氯乙烷中毒。结论两种某品牌的粘合剂含有1,2-二氯乙烷是发生本次急性中毒事故的主要原因,应加强对这两种粘合剂以及同类产品的监管。

Objective To analyze the causes of an acute poisoning accident of 1,2-dichloroethane in construction industry,and to provide basis for strengthening the supervision of occupational safety and health.Methods From April 20th to 21st,2020,Huizhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute organized health emergency team members to rush to the scene to carry out the investigation of the acute poisoning accident,detected the volatile organic compounds of the two brands of adhesives,and analyzed the detection results of occupational hazard factors and the clinical manifestations of patients.Results The No.1 brand of PVC-U(polyvinyl chloride)fast adhesive was composed of 1,2-dichloroethane(60.74%-64.67%)and inorganic components(33.07%-37.60%)by mass spectrometry;and the No.2 brand of PVC fast adhesive was 1,2-dichloroethane(62.55%-64.26%)and inorganic components(35.74%-37.45%).The detection result of 1,2-dichloroethane concentration was 6.9 mg/m3(CTWA)and 0.7 mg/m3(CTWA)at the two simulated test points,respectively.There confirmed the occupational acute 1,2-dichloroethane poisoning accident combined with the clinical symptom of toxic encephalopathy in patients.Conclusion The main cause of this acute poisoning accident was that the two brands of adhesives contained 1,2-dichloroethane.The supervision of these two adhesives and similar products should be strengthened.