静止式气波制冷机出口结构模拟及实验研究

Numerical and experimental study on outlet structure of static gas wave refrigerator

为进一步提高静止式气波制冷机效率及优化气体出口流场,通过数值模拟与实验结合的方法,比较分析了膨胀比分别为2和3时,单侧垂直、单侧前倾斜、双侧垂直和双侧前倾斜4种出口结构的气体泄漏率和气波管的制冷效率随射流频率的变化。模拟结果表明:膨胀比为2和3时,射气阶段不同出口结构的气体泄漏率随射流频率的增加呈现上下波动的变化趋势;气波管制冷效率随射流频率的增加呈现波动增加的变化规律,双侧前倾斜出口时气波管的制冷效率最高。以单管型气波机进行实验研究,对比之下能明显看出双侧前倾斜出口时气波管的制冷效率升高显著。

In order to further improve the efficiency of the static gas wave refrigerator and optimize the flow field at the outlet,the variation of the gas leakage rate and refrigeration efficiency with jet frequency in four structures of single-sided vertical outlet,single-sided front inclined outlet,two-sided vertical outlets and two-sided front inclined outlets were studied when the expansion ratio was 2 and 3 respectively.The research results show that when the expansion ratio is 2 and 3,the gas leakage rate of different outlet structures at the jet stage fluctuates up and down with the increase of jet frequency and the gas leakage rate of two-sided front inclined outlets is always the smallest.With the increase of jet frequency,the refrigeration efficiency of the gas wave tube fluctuates and increases.From high to low,the efficiency is followed by two-sided front inclined outlets,two-sided vertical outlets,single-sided front inclined outlet and single-sided vertical outlet.Experimental research on four outlet structures of a single-tube model machine proves that the refrigeration efficiency of the gas wave tube is significantly improved when the two-sided front inclined outlets are used.