上海市奉贤区居民健康素养影响因素研究

Study on the Influencing Factors of Health Literacy Among Residents in Fengxian District of Shanghai

目的研究奉贤区居民健康素养的影响因素,为开展健康素养干预和健康促进工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取15~69岁的社区居民共2 164人,对他们开展问卷调查。结果奉贤区居民的健康素养具备率为26.7%。受教育程度较高、自觉健康状况较好的居民的健康素养具备率较高;年龄越大,健康素养具备率越低;专业技术人员的健康素养具备率最高,农民最低;患慢性病年限>10年的居民的健康素养水平明显高于患病年限<5年的。结论奉贤区居民的健康素养总体水平明显高于全国水平,稍低于上海的平均水平。中老年、受教育程度低、患慢性病年限<5年、自觉健康状况差的居民以及农民、工人、退休人群、自由职业者是健康素养的重点干预群体。

Objective To study the influencing factors of health literacy of residents in Fengxian District, and to provide the basis for health literacy intervention and health promotion. Methods A total of 2 164 community residents aged 15-69 were selected by multistage stratified cluster random sampling method, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among them. Results The overall level of health literacy of risidents in Fengxian was 26.7%. The residents with higher education level and better self-conscious health status had the higher health literacy levels;the older the residents were, the lower the health literacy level was;the health literacy level of professional and technical personnel was the highest, and that of farmers was the lowest;the level of health literacy of residents with >10 years course of chronic diseases was significantly higher than that of residents with course of chronic diseases of <5 years. Conclusion The overall level of health literacy of residents in Fengxian District was significantly higher than the national level, and slightly lower than the average level of Shanghai. The key intervention groups of health literacy were the people with middleaged and old, low education level, course of chronic diseases of <5 years, poor health status, as well as farmers, workers, retirees, and freelancers.