泰安市某区孕妇碘缺乏病知信行现况调查

Survey on KAP of Iodine Deficiency Disorders Among Pregnant Women in One District of Tai'an City

目的了解泰安市泰山区孕妇有关碘缺乏病的知信行水平以及碘营养水平和碘盐食用情况,为碘缺乏病防治工作提供科学依据。方法 2018-2020年在泰安市泰山区随机抽取300名孕妇开展问卷调查,并对孕妇的尿碘水平和食盐碘含量进行检测分析。结果孕妇对碘缺乏病及其危害的总知晓率为96.00%。有77.33%的孕妇认为吃碘盐是预防碘缺乏病最安全、经济和有效的方法;64.67%的孕妇通过医务人员了解碘缺乏病相关知识。有43.67%的孕妇在大型超市购买食盐;76.67%的孕妇购买食盐无特定选择,只有31.00%的专门购买碘盐。孕妇食用合格碘盐的覆盖率为82.00%,孕妇尿碘的中位数为106.05μg/L。结论泰山区孕妇碘缺乏病及其危害的知晓率较高,但补碘态度和行为存在认知误区,孕妇中存在碘营养缺乏的现象。孕妇的碘缺乏病健康教育工作仍需加强。

Objective To understand the level of KAP on iodine deficiency disorders(IDD), as well as the Iodine level and use of salt among pregnant women in Taishan District of Tai’an, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of IDD. Methods From 2018 to 2020, 300 pregnant women were randomly selected from Taishan District of Tai’an to carry out a questionnaire survey, and the relevant knowledge and attitude of IDD;the urine iodine and salt iodine content of pregnant women were detected and analyzed. Results The total awareness rate of IDD and its harm among pregnant women was 96.00%. The proportion of pregnant women who thought that iodized salt was the safest, economic, and effective method to prevent IDD was 77.33%;64.67% of pregnant women knew about IDD through medical staff. The proportion of of pregnant women who bought salt in supermarkets was 43.67%;76.67% of pregnant women had no specific choice to buy salt, and only 31.00% of them bought iodized salt. The coverage rate of qualified iodized salt for pregnant women was 82.00%. The median of urinary iodine in pregnant women was 106.05 μg/L. Conclusion The awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders and its harm among pregnant women in Taishan District is high, but there are cognitive errors in the attitude and behavior of iodine supplement. Iodine deficiency exists in pregnant women. Health education of iodine deficiency disorders among pregnant women still need to be strengthened.