2005~2015年中国宫颈癌发病与死亡趋势分析

Changing Trend of the Incidence and Mortality of Cervical Cancer in China from 2005 to 2015

目的通过收集《中国肿瘤登记年报》中2005~2015年宫颈癌发病与死亡数据,描述和分析该人群在该时期宫颈癌发病与死亡变化趋势,为宫颈癌的科学防控提供参考依据。方法利用Excel 2019提取2005~2015年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中宫颈癌发病与死亡的全部数据,计算每年的标化发病率、标化死亡率、年龄别发病率、年龄别死亡率。运用Joinpoint软件分析中国宫颈癌发病与死亡随时间(年度)的变化趋势。结果(1)2005~2015年全国、城乡宫颈癌标化发病率整体趋势均呈现上升趋势,全国、城市、农村宫颈癌标化发病率平均每年的增长速度分别为4.9%、3.3%、4.4%;(2)全国、城乡宫颈癌发病重点人群均为25~45岁女性人群,宫颈癌首发年龄提前到25岁,有年轻化趋势。(3)2005~2015年全国、城乡宫颈癌标化死亡率整体趋势均呈现上升趋势,全国、城市宫颈癌标化死亡率平均每年的增长速度分别为6.9%、7.8%;农村宫颈癌标化死亡率整体高于城市,城乡差距随年份的增加逐渐缩小。(4)全国宫颈癌年龄别死亡率各年份65岁后快速上升。结论结合中国2005~2015年宫颈癌发病和死亡特点,推荐筛查起始年龄在30岁前,应加大对育龄妇女的排查力度,积极制订并完善宫颈癌防治措施。

Objective This paper describes and analyzes the changing trend of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2005-2015 by collecting the data in"China Cancer Registry Annual Report",so as to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control of cervical cancer.Methods All data on cervical cancer morbidity and mortality in the female population from 2005 to 2015 in the"China Cancer Registry Annual Report"were extracted by using Excel 2019,and Excel 2019 was used to calculate the annual standardized morbidity,standardized mortality,age-specific morbidity and age-specific mortality.Joinpoint software was used to analyze the change trend of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality over time(annual)in China.Results(1)From 2005 to 2015,the overall trend of the standardized incidence of cervical cancer among women in China and in urban and rural areas showed an upward trend,the average annual growth rate of the standardized incidence rates of women in China,urban and rural areas was:4.9%,3.3%,4.4%,respectively.(2)The key populations of cervical cancer in urban and rural areas were women aged 25 to 45 years old.The age at which cervical cancer starts was advanced to 25 years old,and the age tended to be younger.(3)From 2005 to 2015,the overall trend of the standardized mortality rate of cervical cancer among women in China and in the urban and rural areas showed an upward trend,the average annual growth rate of the standardized mortality rates of women in China and urban areas was:6.9%and 7.8%respectively.The overall standardized mortality rate of rural women was higher than that of urban women,and the urban-rural gap gradually narrowed as the year increased.(4)The age-specific mortality rate of cervical cancer among women in China rised rapidly after the age of 65 years.Conclusion Based on the characteristics of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality in China from 2005 to 2015,it is recommended that the starting age of screening should be before 30 years of age,we should increase the screening of women of childbearing age,and actively formulate and improve cervical cancer prevention and treatment measures.