学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖现状调查及与微量元素水平的关系

Investigation of simple obesity in preschool children and its relationship with trace elements

目的探讨学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖现状及与微量元素水平的关系。方法收集2018年7月至2019年6月在本院体检的学龄前儿童386例。采用身高标准体重法诊断单纯性肥胖,分为单纯性肥胖组和对照组(非单纯性肥胖)。采集清晨空腹外周静脉血1 ml,原子吸收法测定微量元素水平,探讨微量元素水平和肥胖的关系。结果本次调查的386例学龄前儿童中检出单纯性肥胖56例(14.51%),非肥胖儿童330例(85.49%)。单纯性肥胖组外周血中铁、铜、硒水平以及铜/锌比值均明显低于对照组,锌、铅水平明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,铁缺乏、铜缺乏、锌过多、铅过多、铜/锌比值降低是学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论本地区学龄前儿童中单纯性肥胖发生率较高,患儿体内普遍存在微量元素稳态失调,在脂代谢紊乱中可能发挥一定作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between simple obesity and trace elements in preschool children.Methods A total of 386 preschool children who had physical examination in our hospital from July 2018 to June 2019 were collected. The patients were divided into simple obesity group and control group(non simple obesity). 1 ml of fasting peripheral venous blood was collected in the morning, and the levels of trace elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.Results 56(14.51%) cases of simple obesity were detected in 386 preschool children. There was no significant difference in the incidence of simple obesity between urban preschool children and county preschool children and between children of different genders(P>0.05). The levels of iron, copper, selenium and the ratio of copper to zinc in the simple obesity group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the levels of zinc and lead in the simple obesity group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that iron deficiency, copper deficiency, excessive zinc, excessive lead and low copper/zinc ratio were independent risk factors for simple obesity in preschool children.Conclusion The incidence of simple obesity in preschool children in this region is high, and there is a general imbalance of trace elements homeostasis in children, which may play a role in lipid metabolism disorder.