人诱导多能干细胞体外定向分化为雌性生殖细胞的研究进展

Review on directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into female germ cells in vitro

近年来,诱导多能干细胞技术迅速发展并在探索疾病发生机制、建立疾病模型及可能的干细胞治疗办法等方面取得了进展。已有人诱导多能干细胞向原始生殖细胞及雄性生殖细胞方向诱导分化的报道,但由于雌性生殖细胞发育过程复杂其诱导分化相对落后。本文综述了由人诱导多能干细胞定向分化为原始生殖细胞及雌性生殖细胞的方法学、基因表达变化和调控网络及诱导效率,为探索生殖细胞发育调控网络提供体外模型,为卵巢功能不全导致的不孕提供可能的细胞疗法。

Induced pluripotent stem cell technology has developed rapidly and has made great progress in exploring the mechanism of disease occurrence, establishing disease models and possible treatment methods of stem cells in recent years.There have been protocols of differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into primordial germ cells and male germ cells. However, due to the more complex development process of female germ cells, their induction and differentiation are relatively backward.This article reviews the methodology, changes of gene expression and efficiency of human induced pluripotent stem cells transferring into primordial germ cells and female germ cells, in order to provide a cell modle for exploring the developmental regulatory network of germ cells and provide possible cell therapy for infertility caused by ovarian insufficiency.