儿童线状苔藓1831例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 1831 Cases of Lichen Striatus in Children

目的了解儿童线状苔藓(LS)的临床特点和预后情况。方法回顾分析2017年1月-2020年5月南京医科大学附属儿童医院皮肤科门诊诊断的1831例线状苔藓临床特点,并电话随访患者预后情况。结果男女比例为1∶1.15,平均发病年龄为(5.60±2.57)岁,1160例(63.35%)为学龄前儿童。1622例(88.59%)为经典线状苔藓,209例(11.41%)为白色线状苔藓;82例(4.48%)出现甲线状苔藓。152例(8.30%)患者诉轻度瘙痒,137例(7.48%)合并湿疹/特应性皮炎。皮疹平均消退时间(16.15±11.10)个月,白色线状苔藓平均消退时间显著长于经典线状苔藓,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),外用药物治疗患者平均消退时间与未治疗患者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。39例随访的甲线状苔藓虽然伴随皮疹消退而缓解,但仍长期持续存在。结论线状苔藓是好发于学龄前儿童的自限性皮肤病,甲线状苔藓持续时间可能更长。

Objective To reveal the clinical features and prognosis of lichen striatus(LS)in children.Methods A total of 1831 children with LS were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology of Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to May 2020.The clinical features were retrospectively analyzed,and the prognosis was followed by telephone.Results The male to female ratio was 1∶1.15,the mean age of onset was(5.60±2.57)years,and 1160 patients(63.35%)were pre-school children.Typical LS and LS albus occurred in 1622 patients(88.59%)and 209 patients(11.41%),respectively.Nail LS occurred in 82 patients(4.48%).Mild pruritus was reported in 152 patients(8.30%)and eczema/atopic dermatitis in 137 patients(7.48%).The mean regression course was(16.15±11.10)months,and the mean regression course of LS albus was significantly longer than that of typical LS(P<0.01).There was no statistical significance in the mean regression course of patients treated with topical drugs compared with untreated patients(P>0.05).Although in 39 patients with nail LS the rash subsided,it persisted for a long time.Conclusion LS is a self-limiting dermatosis that primarily affects pre-school children.The duration of nail LS may be longer than that of other LS types.