三亚市9743例女性HPV感染状况及亚型分布特征

Status and Subtype Distribution of HPV Infection in 9,743 Females in Sanya

目的:分析三亚市女性人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染状况及亚型分布特征,为预防HPV感染和宫颈癌提供依据。方法:收集2017年1月至2019年12月在三亚市人民医院进行HPV基因分型检测的女性患者标本9743例,采用PCR反向点杂交法共检测37种型别。结果:2017~2019年感染HPV患者2192例,总感染率为22.50%。不同年度受检女性HPV感染率差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=8.752,P=0.013),2017年感染率最高,高达24.79%。所有感染HPV的基因型中,低危型638例,高危型2084例,疑似高危型274例。HPV单一感染率16.90%,二重HPV感染率4.04%,多重HPV感染率1.52%。HPV高危型感染率前5位的分别是HPV52、58,16,51,39亚型,其感染占比分别是13.45%,10.41%,9.75%,7.18%,6.48%。患者年龄分析表明,感染率最高的是≥61岁年龄组(37.09%),其次是≤20岁年龄组(31.83%),各年龄组女性HPV感染率差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=98.762,P=0.001)。结论:三亚市2017~2019年度女性HPV感染率有差异,主要以单一感染,高危型别为主,且与年龄关系密切,20岁以下及61岁以上的女性感染率明显较高。应加强对年轻女性及61岁以上女性HPV感染的监测力度。本研究为三亚市宫颈癌的流行病学调查及防治提供参考依据,并为研发更多HPV基因型的疫苗提供数据支持。

Objective: To analyze the infection status and distribution of human papillomavirus(HPV) among female patients in Sanya, and provide evidence for the prevention of HPV infection and cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 9,743 female specimens for HPV genotyping testing from Sanya People’s Hospital between January 2017 and December 2019 were collected, and a total of 37 types were detected by reverse dot hybridization with polymerase chain reaction. Results: 2,192 patients were infected with HPV from 2017 to 2019, with the total infection rate of 22.50%. Difference was statistically significant in HPV infection rates in females detected in different years(χ2=8.752, P=0.013). The infection rate in 2017 was the highest, reaching 24.79%. Among all genotypes of HPV, 638 cases were in the low-risk type, 2,084 cases in the high-risk type, and 274 cases in the probable high-risk type. The single infection rate was 16.90%;the double infection rate was 4.04%;and the multiple infection rate was 1.52%. The top 5 high-risk infection rates were HPV 52, 58, 16, 51 and 39, accounting for 13.45%, 10.41%, 9.75%, 7.18% and 6.48%, respectively. The ≥61-year-old age group reported the highest infection rate(37.09%), followed by the ≤20-year-old age group(31.83%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2=98.762, P=0.001). Conclusion: From 2017 to 2019, HPV infection rates among women in Sanya, mainly single infection and high-risk type, are closely related to age. The infection rate is relatively high among women under 20 and over 61, indicating that the screening of HPV infection for them should be reinforced. This study gives evidence for epidemiological investigation and prevention of cervical cancer in Sanya, and provides data for the development of vaccines for more HPV genotypes.