口语中“好吗”语义新探

A New Study on the Semantics of“Haoma(好吗)”in Spoken Chinese

在现代汉语中,“好吗”这一短语在句子的语气与语法表达过程中起着至关重要的作用。从“好吗”的共时用法出发,探究短语“好吗”的语义变化,发现“好吗”不仅具有征询义,而且在口语还存在征询求知义、反诘反驳义、测度求证义、强调强化义等语义。同时,对短语“好吗”进行语言学分析,指出“好吗”的虚化是受到词汇化的影响而形成的。

In modern Chinese,the phrase“haoma(好吗)”plays a vital role in the tone of a sentence and grammatical expression.Based on the synchronic usage of“haoma(好吗)”,explore the semantic changes of the phrase“haoma(好吗)”and makes a point that“haoma(好吗)”not only has the meaning of inquiring,but also has the semantic meanings of seeking knowledge,retorting and refuting,reckoning and verifying,emphasizing and accentuating,etc.Meanwhile,a linguistic analysis is given to the phrase“haoma(好吗)”by pointing out that the delexicalization of“haoma(好吗)”is influenced by lexicalization.