Fighting COVID-19 and Future Pandemics With the Internet of Things:Security and Privacy Perspectives

The speed and pace of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2;also referred to as novel Coronavirus 2019 and COVID-19)have resulted in a global pandemic,with significant health,financial,political,and other implications.There have been various attempts to manage COVID-19 and other pandemics using technologies such as Internet of Things(IoT)and 5G/6G communications.However,we also need to ensure that IoT devices used to facilitate COVID-19 monitoring and treatment(e.g.,medical IoT devices)are secured,as the compromise of such devices can have significant consequences(e.g.,life-threatening risks to COVID-19 patients).Hence,in this paper we comprehensively survey existing IoT-related solutions,potential security and privacy risks and their requirements.For example,we classify existing security and privacy solutions into five categories,namely:authentication and access control solutions,key management and cryptography solutions,blockchain-based solutions,intrusion detection systems,and privacy-preserving solutions.In each category,we identify the associated challenges.We also identify a number of recommendations to inform future research.