山地森林类型自然保护区次级自然单元植物景观资源异质性评价--以甘肃连城国家级自然保护区为例

Quantitative evaluation on heterogeneity of plant landscape resources of the secondary natural units within a mountain forest type nature reserve--Taking Liancheng National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province as a case

【目的】为更详尽地掌握山地森林类型自然保护区内植物景观资源情况,以甘肃连城国家级自然保护区为例,比较各个次级自然单元植物景观资源的差异,以便为保护区森林植物景观资源的开发利用与规划、管理提供更详尽的资料.【方法】基于生态旅游角度,运用层次分析法(AHP法),以次级自然单元为评价尺度,构建了由植物景观资源价值、环境条件、服务功能3个方面4个层次20个评估因子组成的山地森林类型自然保护区次级自然单元植物景观资源评价体系;并通过分级量化指标,对指标进行权重分析,同时提出了自然保护区内在次级自然单元植物景观资源异质性评判标准和具体的评判方法;最后运用此方法对甘肃连城国家级自然保护区的14个次级自然单元植物景观资源进行评判.【结果】影响自然保护区次级自然单元植物景观资源综合评价权重最高的是植物景观资源价值(0.674),其次是环境条件(0.225),服务功能(0.101)的权重值最小;在选取的20个评价指标中,森林覆盖率(0.2043)权重最大,植物资源的珍稀性(0.1802)的权重次之,植物种类多样性(0.1443)的权重位居第三,可居留性(0.0010)对植物景观资源综合评价的贡献最小;甘肃连城国家级自然保护区中植物景观资源综合价值评分吐鲁沟(8.3076)最高,其次是竹林沟(7.9723),岗子沟(7.9646)位居第三,苏都沟(3.8581)最小,这与实际情况吻合.【结论】植物景观资源价值是影响山地森林类型自然保护区次级自然单元植物景观资源评价的重要因素,而森林覆盖率对植物景观资源价值起着重要的影响;甘肃连城国家级自然保护区的各沟系植物景观资源差别较大,其中吐鲁沟植物景观资源状况最佳,苏都沟最差.

【Objective】In order to understand more about the plant landscape resources in mountain forest type nature reserve,taking Liancheng National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province as an example,the differences of plant landscape resources in each secondary natural unit were compared,so as to provide more detailed information for the development,utilization,planning and management of forest plant landscape resources in the reserve.【Method】By the method of analytic hierarchy process(AHP),a evaluation system for plant landscape resources of the secondary natural units was constructed by using secondary natural units within a mountain forest nature reserve as the evaluation scale to evaluate heterogeneity of landscape resources basing on ecotourism.The indicator system was composed by 3 aspects of the value of landscape resources,environmental quality and services capability,4 hierarchies,20 indexes,and these indicators were quantified by classification method,and the weight values of each factor was calculated.Meanwhile,the criterion and the specific method were defined to evaluate the landscape resources of the secondary natural units within a nature reserve.At last,by using the criterion and method of evaluating the plant landscape resources of the secondary natural units within a nature reserve,14 secondary natural units(valleys)of the Liancheng National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province were evaluated.【Result】The value of plant landscape resources had the most influence on comprehensive evaluation weight of secondary natural units plant landscape resources within a nature reserve(0.674),followed by the environmental conditions(0.225),and the last was service capability(0.101).The percentage of forest cover(0.2043)was the highest among 20 indexes selected,plant resource rarity(0.1802)was less important,the weight value of plant species diversity(0.1443)was the third.The residence(0.0010)had slight influence on the comprehensive evaluation of plant landscape resources.The plant landscape resources comprehensive value of score of Liancheng National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province arranged as,Tulu Valley(8.3076)was the highest,followed by Zhulin Valley(7.9723),Gangzi Valley(7.9646)in third,Sudu Valley(3.8581)was the minimum.The results accorded with the actual situation.【Conclusion】The value of plant landscape resources is an important factor affecting the evaluation of plant landscape resources of the secondary natural units within a mountain forest type nature reserves,and the forest coverage rate has an important impact on the value of plant landscape resources.The plant landscape resources of different valley are quite different in Liancheng National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province,such as Tulu Valley is the best and Sudu Valley is the worst.