免疫荧光法在小儿上呼吸道感染微生物快速检验中的应用

Application of Immunofluorescence Method in Rapid Detection of Microbes in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

目的分析在小儿上呼吸道感染微生物快速检验中应用免疫荧光法的临床效果。方法从2018年11月—2020年10月方便择取88例上呼吸道感染患儿,所选患儿均通过免疫荧光法对鼻咽分泌物予以微生物快速检验,对检验结果及病毒类型、年龄分布进行分析。结果88例上呼吸道感染患儿中,76例检出病毒抗原阳性,阳性率为86.36%。从病毒类型来看,呼吸道合胞病毒47例,占比为53.41%,腺病毒13例,占比为14.77%,流感病毒A型9例,占比为10.23%,副流感病毒3型3例,占比为3.41%,混合型2例,占比为2.27%,流感病毒B型1例,占比为1.14%,副流感病毒2型1例,占比为1.14%。呼吸道合胞病毒占比比其他类型病毒高;从年龄分布情况分析,1~6个月患儿中抗原阳性检出率为46.59%(41/88),7~12个月患儿中抗原阳性检出率为27.27%(24/88),13~24个月患儿中抗原阳性检出率为14.77%(13/88),24个月以上患儿中抗原阳性检出率为11.36%(10/88),1~6个月患儿抗原阳性检出率高于其他年龄段。结论对于上呼吸道感染患儿,通过免疫荧光法进行微生物快速检验可以快速检出病毒病原阳性,还可以有效鉴别感染类型,进而为临床诊疗提供可靠依据。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of immunofluorescence in the rapid detection of microbes of upper respiratory tract infection in children.Methods From November 2018 to October 2020,88 children with upper respiratory tract infection were convenient selected.The selected children were subjected to rapid microbiological examination of nasopharyngeal secretions by immunofluorescence method,analyzed the test results,virus type and age distribution.Results Among 88 children with upper respiratory tract infection,76 cases were positive for viral antigens,and the positive rate was 86.36%.In terms of virus types,there were 47 cases of respiratory syncytial virus,accounting for 53.41%,13 cases of adenovirus,accounting for 14.77%,9 cases of influenza virus type A,accounting for 10.23%,and 3 cases of parainfluenza virus typeⅢ,accounting for 3.41%,2 cases of mixed type,accounting for 2.27%,1 case of influenza virus type B,accounting for 1.14%,and 1 case of parainfluenza virus type 2,accounting for 1.14%.Respiratory syncytial virus accounted for a higher proportion than other types of viruses;from the analysis of age distribution,the antigen-positive detection rate in children aged 1-6 months was 46.59%(41/88),and children aged 7-12 months of the antigen-positive detection rate was 27.27%(24/88),children aged 13-24 months of the antigen-positive detection rate was 14.77%(13/88),and the antigen-positive detection rate in children aged over 24 months was 11.36%(10/88),the antigen-positive detection rate of children from 1-6 months was higher than that of other age groups.Conclusion For children with upper respiratory tract infection,rapid microbial test by immunofluorescence method can quickly detect the positive virus pathogen,and can effectively identify the type of infection,thereby providing a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.