四川汉源麦坪遗址出土陶器成分分析与研究

Compositional Analysis and Research of Pottery Unearthed from Maiping Site in Hanyuan, Sichuan Province

通过X射线荧光(XRF)法对麦坪遗址出土新石器时代和商周时期的62件陶器进行成分检测分析,发现新石器时代陶器中的P2O5成分含量远高于商周时期陶器,其平均值从3.58%下降到1.28%,表明该区域陶器采用了高磷含量的原材料。这一规律与狮子山、龙王庙新石器时代遗址类似,证明它们在制陶工艺上采用了类似原料配方。类似的陶器制作工艺、相似的陶器风格,充分说明汉源谷地新石器时代遗址群为同一文化面貌。采用高磷含量原材料这一技术手段,明显有别于汉源谷地周边同时期遗址,也为汉源谷地新石器时代遗址群为一新的文化类型提供了有力佐证。

In this paper, the composition of 62 pieces of pottery from the Neolithic Age and Shang-Zhou period unearthed at Maiping site are analyzed by X-ray fluorescence(XRF) method. The results indicate that the content of P2 O5 in the Neolithic pottery is much higher than that in the Shang-Zhou samples, with a decrease from 3.58% to 1.28%, reflecting raw materials with high phosphorus content were used in pottery making in this region. The content of available phosphorus(OLSENP)in the water-level-fluctuation area of Hanyuan Pubugou Hydropower Station was 10.23 ~ 74.49 mg·kg-1, and the content of P2 O5 in raw soil samples collected from Shizishan Site is about 0.35% by XRF, indicating that the phosphorus content in the soil of the site is very low, which does not directly cause the high P content in pottery. Instead, it was possibly caused by organic matter added artificially during pottery making, or from clay rich in organic matter, representing a regional pottery making process.Similar pottery making process and style have been discovered in the neighbouring Neolithic sites of Shizishan and Longwangmiao, indicating that all separated Neolithic sites in the Hanyuan Valley belonged to the same cultural community. The use of raw materials with high phosphorus content is not reported in other Neolithic sites in Sichuan Province, which also provides strong evidence to identify the group of Neolithic sites in Hanyuan Valley as a new archaeological culture.