财政资助科技成果转化中的政府权利研究

Research on Government Rights in the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Subsidized by Finance

虽然《科技进步法》第20条结束了财政资助科技成果国家所有权的历史,但这并不意味着政府其他权利的就此缺位。借助比较法研究中美两国政府在财政资助形成科技成果上的权利后,提出三个建议:第一,增设政府权利披露程序可以促进监督权的行使。第二,设立第三方的独立行政主体以监督介入权的行使,并提出具体的介入权行使程序的完善方案。第三,建议保留无偿的使用权以维护国家利益。政府使用权、监督权和介入权三维一体的权利设置既可以一定程度上平衡国家利益与单位利益,也有利于督促相关单位主动促进财政资助形成科技成果的转化。

Although the Article 20 of Scientific and Technological Progress Law ends the history of national ownership of scientific and technological achievements funded by the government,it doesn't mean that other government rights are absent.Three suggestions are put forward after a comparative study of the rights of the governments of China and the United States.Firstly,Establishment of the disclosure procedure of government right to promote the exercise of supervisory authority.Secondly,establishment of an independent administrative agency to supervise the exercise of march-in right,and propose specific procedures for march-in right.Thirdly,it is recommended to retain the right to use in order to maintain national interests.The establishment of three-dimensional right system relating to the right of use,supervisory authority and march-in right can balance the interests between the country and the contractor,and it can also help to urge the contractor to take initiative steps to promote the transfer of government funding of scientific and technological achievements.