海河南拒马河流域水文特性及HBV模型的应用

Hydrological Characteristics and Application of the HBV Model in the South Juma River Catchment in the Hai River Basin

HBV模型是瑞典气象水文研究所(SMHI)研发的流域水文模型,在寒区和湿润地区有较为广泛的运用,是重要的水文预报方法之一。半干旱地区水文预报是水文工作者目前面临的重要挑战。以位于半干旱地区的南拒马河流域作为研究对象,分析了该流域降水、径流特性,初步研究了HBV模型在我国半干旱地区的应用效果。结果表明:2000年之前,降水-径流相关关系总体较好,2000年之后流量一直偏低,降水-径流相关关系散乱;HBV模型对于南拒马河流域天然时期的模拟效果比较好,率定期和验证期的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数分别为0.63和0.81,总体能够模拟径流对降水的响应过程,表明HBV水文模型在半干旱地区的天然时期具有相对较好的适用性。

The HBV model is a watershed hydrological model developed by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute(SMHI).It is widely used in cold and humid regions and is one of the important hydrological forecasting methods.Hydrological forecast in semi-arid area is an important challenge for hydrologists.Taking the southern Juma River basin in a semi-arid area as the research object,the characteristics of precipitation and runoff in the basin are analyzed,and the application effect of the HBV model in semi-arid areas in my country is preliminary studied.The results are as follows.Before 2000,the relationship between precipitation and runoff was generally sound.After 2000,it has been in a low-water state,and the relationship between precipitation and runoff has been scattered.The HBV model has a better simulation effect for the natural period of the South Juma River Basin.The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients for the regular and verification period are 0.63 and 0.81,respectively,which can simulate the response process of runoff to precipitation,indicating that the HBV hydrological model has relatively good applicability in the natural period of semi-arid areas.