2017-2019年濮阳市幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染情况调查

Investigation on the prevalence of enterobiasis in kindergarten children in Puyang City from 2017 to 2019

目的了解濮阳市幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染状况,为蛲虫病防治提供科学依据。方法2017—2019年,采取分层抽样法对濮阳市南乐县和范县共11个幼儿园儿童开展蛲虫感染情况调查,采用透明胶纸肛拭法镜检蛲虫卵,并对儿童半年内驱虫情况开展问卷调查。结果共检测1687名儿童,查出阳性245人,蛲虫感染率为14.52%。2017—2019年感染率分别为11.73%、15.22%和15.50%。南乐县和范县儿童蛲虫感染率分别为13.88%和15.50%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.856,P>0.05)。农村幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染率(25.58%)高于城镇幼儿园(7.68%)(χ^(2)=102.874,P<0.05)。私立幼儿园儿童感染率(16.17%)高于公立幼儿园(12.67%)(χ^(2)=3.994,P<0.05)。男童和女童蛲虫感染率分别为15.65%和13.13%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.131,P>0.05)。随年龄增大和年级增高,儿童蛲虫感染率均呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=36.941、31.007,P均<0.05),2岁和托班儿童均无人感染,6岁和学前班儿童感染率最高,分别为22.04%和30.14%。半年内进行驱虫儿童的蛲虫感染率(9.55%)低于未进行驱虫儿童的蛲虫感染率(15.95%)(χ^(2)=7.456,P<0.05)。结论濮阳市幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染率较高,应落实驱虫服药,加强农村地区、高年级儿童等重点人群的健康教育和监测。

Objective To understand the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection among kindergarten children in Puyang City from 2017 to 2019 for evidence to develop scientific prevention and control of this infection.Methods By stratified sampling,we conducted a series of microscopic examinations for Enterobius vermicularis eggs by anal cellophane tape method in children from 11 kindergartens in Nanle County and Fanxian County of Puyang City from 2017 to 2019.In addition,all children underwent questionnaire survey for the status of deworming in the past half a year during the survey.Results A total of 1687 children were screened,which 245(14.52%)children were detected to be positive for Enterobius vermicularis infection.The infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis in kindergarten children was 11.73%,15.22%and 15.50%,respectively,from 2017 to 2019.The infection was 13.88%and 15.50%,respectively in Nanle County and Fanxian County,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.856,P>0.05).Children in rural kindergartens had higher infection rate than those of urban kindergartens(25.58%vs.7.68%,χ^(2)=102.874,P<0.05),and the infection rate was higher in children from private kindergartens than in those from public kindergartens(16.17%vs.12.67%,χ^(2)=3.994,P<0.05).The infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis was 15.65%in boys,and 13.13%in girls.The difference was insignificant(χ^(2)=2.131,P>0.05).Generally,the infection tended to increase with added age and grade(χ^(2)=36.941,χ^(2)=31.007,both P<0.05).No infection occurred in children of 2 years old or day-care classes,yet the infection rate was the highest in children aged 6 years and preschool children,which was 22.04%and 30.14%respectively.Children with a history of deworming within half a year had lower infection rate than those without use of deworming drugs(9.55%vs.15.95%;χ^(2)=7.456,P<0.05).Conclusion The infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis appears relatively higher in kindergarten children in Puyang City.The findings suggest that deworming drugs should be recommended,and health education and surveillance should be strengthened in the children in rural areas,particularly in children of higher grade.