江苏方言和彝语方言的双及物结构地理类型格局--对地理类型过渡带的微观考察

Geographical Typology of Ditransitive Constructions in Chinese Varieties(Jiangsu)and Yi:A Microscopic Survey of the Transitional Zone of Geographical Types

桥本万太郎最早关注到中国境内语言的南北类型差异,这种地理类型差异在双及物结构上同样存在。作为典型个案,汉语方言南北类型过渡地带的江苏方言,其双及物结构呈现出自北向南的演进式地理类型格局。处于我国西北部OV型语言和东南部VO型语言之间过渡地带上的彝语方言,其双及物结构呈现出自东北向西南的演进式地理类型格局。均处于地理类型过渡地带上的两种语言在双及物结构上所呈现的相似地理类型格局是由语用语法化的创新动力和语序固化的保守阻力共同塑造的。

Since the proposal of Hashimoto’s(1985)theory of geographical typology,linguistically typological differences between southern and northern China have stepped onto the stage,which also exist in ditransitive constructions.As a case-study,Chinese varieties of Jiangsu right in the typological transition zone between southern and northern China scatter over a southern/northern typologically transitional landscape.Incidentally,Yi varieties right in the typological transition zone between OV and VO languages spread out on a northeastern/southwestern typologically transitional landform.The two languages in the transitional zone of geographical types present similar patterns of geographical types in the ditransitive constructions,which are shaped by both innovation of grammaticalization of pragmatic functions and conservative resistance of word-order configurationalization.