采前套袋与未套袋处理对黄桃采后贮藏品质的影响

Effects of Pre-harvest Bagging and Non-bagging Treatment on Postharvest Storage Quality of Yellow-Flesh Peach

以黄桃为材料,研究采前套袋和未套袋处理对其采后贮藏期间果肉褐变指数、硬度、总糖、可溶性固形物(SSC)、可滴定酸(TA)、维生素C(VC)、总酚、总黄酮和多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及总抗氧化能力的影响。结果:未套袋组黄桃果实的腐烂和褐变程度较套袋组轻,贮藏8 d时,腐烂率分别达90%(套袋组)和80%(未套袋组),褐变指数分别达78.3%(套袋)和67.5%(未套袋)。品质分析表明,采前未套袋处理延缓了黄桃果肉硬度、TA、总糖、SSC、总酚和总黄酮含量的降低。抗氧化分析表明,采前未套袋处理可保持PPO、POD、SOD和CAT活力,且在贮藏后期具有更高的抗氧化能力。相关性分析表明,腐烂率与抗氧化剂含量、抗氧化酶活力呈显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),但分别与营养组分、总抗氧化活性呈高度负相关。抗氧化剂(VC,总酚和总黄酮)与抗氧化酶活性(PPO,POD和SOD)呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。分层聚类分析将17种生理生化指标分为2大类,该聚类分析结果与主成分分析结果一致,可反映黄桃果实生理、生化指标间的相似与差异。结论:采前未套袋处理的黄桃果实贮藏品质优于采前套袋处理的黄桃果实。

The effects of bagging and non-bagging before harvest on pulp browning index,firmness,total sugar,soluble solid content(SSC),titratable acid(TA),vitamin C(VC),total phenols,total flavonoids contents,polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities,and total antioxidant capacity of yellow-fleshed peaches were studied.The degree of decay and browning of the yellow-flesh peach fruits in the non-bagging group was lighter than that of the bagging group.When stored for 8 days,the decay rate reached 90%for the bagging group and 80%for the non-bagging group,respectively.The browning index reached 78.3%(bagging group)and 67.5%(non-bagging group),respectively.The quality analysis showed that the non-bagging treatment before harvest can delay the reduction of yellow-fleshed peach fruit hardness,total sugar,SSC,TA,total phenols and total flavonoids.Antioxidant analysis showed that the non-bagging treatment before harvest can maintain the vitality of PPO,POD,SOD and CAT,and has a higher antioxidant capacity in the late storage period.Correlation analysis showed that the decay rate was significantly positively correlated with antioxidant content and antioxidant enzyme activity(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but it was highly negatively correlated with nutrient components and total antioxidant activity,respectively.Antioxidants(VC,total phenols and total flavonoids)were significantly positively correlated with antioxidant enzyme activities(PPO,POD,and SOD)(P<0.05).The hierarchical cluster analysis divided the 17 physiological and biochemical indexes into 2 categories.The cluster analysis results were consistent with the principal component analysis results,which could reflect the similarities and differences between the physiological and biochemical indexes of yellow-fleshed peach fruits.Therefore,based on the above research results,the storage quality of yellow-fleshed peach fruits without bagging treatment before harvest is better than that of yellow-fleshed peach fruits bagged before harvest.