晋西黄土区山地枣林土壤水分及干燥化效应

Soil Moisture and Desiccation Effects of Mountain Jujube Forests in the Loess Plateau of Western Shanxi

研究选取晋西黄土区立地条件不同的山地枣林作为研究对象,采用土壤干燥化强度评价法(SDI)定量分析和评估0∼500 cm土壤水分和干燥化效应.结果表明:(1)土壤含水量随深度加深呈先下降后上升趋势,其耗水最大位于60∼220 cm部位土层.(2)不同立地条件下枣林土壤含水量存在显著差异(P<0.01),其中不同坡位下阳坡坡底(9.10%)显著高于阳坡坡中(6.08%)和坡顶(6.68%),不同坡向下阴坡(9.86%)显著高于阳坡.(3)土壤干燥化强度指标大小为:阳坡坡中(76.38%)>坡顶(67.63%)>阳坡坡底(26.50%)>阴坡坡中(25.63%).本文认为阳坡坡底和阴坡坡中位置适合枣树自然生长,而阳坡坡中和坡顶位置应该减小种植密度,且辅以合理的管理经营.

In this study,the jujube forest with different site conditions in the loess region of Western Shanxi Province was selected as the research object,and the soil moisture and drying effect of 0∼500 cm were quantitatively analyzed and evaluated by SDI.The results showed that:(1)the soil water content decreased first and then increased with the depth,and the largest water consumption was in the soil layer of 60∼220 cm.(2)Under different site conditions,the soil moisture content of jujube forest was significantly different(P<0.01),among which,the bottom of the sunny slope(9.10%)was significantly higher than the middle of the sunny slope(6.08%)and the top of the slope(6.68%),and the downhill slope(9.86%)was significantly higher than the sunny slope.(3)The index of soil drying intensity is:in the sunny slope(76.38%)>in the top(67.63%)>in the bottom(26.50%)>in the shady slope(25.63%).In this paper,it is considered that the position of the bottom of the sunny slope and the middle of the shady slope is suitable for the natural growth of jujube trees,while the position of the middle and the top of the sunny slope should reduce the planting density and be supported by reasonable management.