森林火灾环境公益诉讼实证研究——以四川省2018-2020年的森林火灾环境公益诉讼判决为样本

An Empirical Study on Environmental Public Interest Litigation of Forest Fire——Taking the Forest Fire Environmental Public Interest Litigation Decisions of Sichuan Province from 2018 to 2020 as a Sample

环境公益诉讼作为一种为维护环境公共利益而提起的诉讼,在我国从出台至今已历经近十年时间的发展。然而该制度对生态环境治理的实效仍是一个值得检视的崭新命题。本研究立足于四川省森林火灾类环境公益诉讼的司法实践,探微完善我国环境公益诉讼制度的可行进路,以期服务于“美丽中国”建设。通过实证研究的方法,选取2018-2020年四川省的森林火灾环境公益诉讼案件,分析其区域分布、原告情况、诉讼请求等。研究结果表明,尽管森林火灾公益诉讼案件有着亮点与突破,但存在着提供修复方案主体不一、修复方案标准阙如、修复方案内容不统一以及判决的不合理等问题。有鉴于此,应当从明确修复方案的履行者,设立统一的修复方案标准,建立优先承担修复费用、管护行为折抵费用的判决思路几个方面进一步完善森林火灾公益诉讼的司法实践。

Environmental public interest litigation,as a kind of litigation for the protection of environmental public interest,has experienced nearly ten years of development since its introduction in China.However,the effectiveness of the system for ecological environmental governance is still a new proposition worth examining.Based on the judicial practice of forest fire environmental public interest litigation in Sichuan,the purpose of this study is to explore the feasible approaches to improve the environmental public interest litigation system in China,in order to serve the construction of“Beautiful China”.Through the method of empirical research,this paper selects the relevant cases in Sichuan from 2018 to 2020,and analyzes their regional distribution,plaintiff situation,litigation claims,etc.The results show that although there are highlights and breakthroughs,some problems,such as different subjects of restoration schemes,lack of standards for restoration schemes,inconsistent contents of restoration schemes and unreasonable judgments,also exist.In view of this,we should further improve the judicial practice of public interest litigation of forest fire from the following aspects:clarifying the subject of the restoration plan,setting up a unified restoration plan standard,and establishing the judgment idea of giving priority to bear the restoration cost and deducting the cost of the management and conservation behavior.