超高层建筑玻璃幕墙破裂对室内排烟影响研究

Research on the effect of glass curtain wall breakage on indoor smoke extraction in super high rise buildings

采用FDS对某超高层建筑标准办公层在不同排烟模式、环境风下玻璃幕墙破裂时的火灾参数进行分析。结果表明:机械排烟关闭时,室内排烟效果由高到低分别为无风下玻璃幕墙破裂、玻璃幕墙不破裂、有风下玻璃幕墙破裂。机械排烟开启时,室内排烟效果由高到低分别为玻璃幕墙不破裂、无风下玻璃幕墙破裂、有风下玻璃幕墙破裂。机械排烟关闭时人员的可用疏散时间更短。机械排烟关闭时,无风下玻璃幕墙破裂可作为自然排烟口,对排烟有利,有风下玻璃幕墙破裂,环境风则抑制烟气排出。机械排烟开启时,无论有无环境风,玻璃幕墙破裂均导致机械排烟效果降低。因此,超高层建筑应设置安全可靠的机械排烟系统,并选用防火性能较高的玻璃幕墙。

FDS software was used to analyze the indoor temperature,visibility,CO concentration and smoke spread law of a super-high-rise standard office floor under different smoke extraction modes and ambient wind when glass curtain wall rupture.The results show that:When the mechanical smoke exhaust is closed,the effects of indoor smoke extraction from high to low were broken glass curtain wall under no wind,unbroken glass curtain wall and broken glass curtain wall under wind;When the mechanical smoke extraction works,the effects of indoor smoke extraction from high to low were unbroken glass curtain wall,broken glass curtain wall without wind,and broken glass curtain wall under wind;When the mechanical smoke exhaust is closed,the broken glass curtain wall under no wind can be used as a natural smoke exhaust outlet,which is beneficial to indoor smoke exhaust;When the broken curtain wall is under wind,the environmental wind will restrain the smoke exhaust;When mechanical smoke extraction works,whether there is wind or no wind,the breakage of glass curtain wall will lead to the reduction of mechanical smoke extraction efficiency.Therefore,a safe and reliable mechanical smoke exhaust system should be set up in super high-rise buildings,and glass curtain walls with higher fire resistance should be selected.