助燃剂鉴定方法研究综述

Review of identification methods of ignitable liquids

放火案件严重影响人民生命财产安全,受到了火灾调查人员的重视。据统计,80%以上的放火案都采用汽油、柴油、高浓度酒精等易燃液体作为助燃剂。因此,对助燃剂的检验鉴定是认定放火火灾的研究要点。对助燃剂的检验认定方法进行总结,检验方法包括:拉曼光谱法、薄层色谱法、傅里叶红外光谱法、GC-MS、热分析-质谱联用等;同时,对热分析-质谱联用技术及其应用的研究现状进行了阐述,以期对火灾调查人员的鉴定检验工作提供指导。

As a major type of fire that seriously affects the safety of people's life and property,arson fire has attracted the attention of fire investigators.According to data statistics,more than 80%of arson cases are using gasoline,diesel,high concentration of alcohol and other flammable liquids as accelerant,therefore,the inspection and identification of accelerant is a major research point to identify arson fires.In this paper,the methods of testing and identification of fuel additives are systematically summarized,and the detection methods include Raman spectroscopy,thin layer chromatography,Fourier infrared spectroscopy,GC-MS,thermal analysis-mass spectrometry,etc.At the same time,the research status of thermal analysis-mass spectrometry and its application are described in order to provide guidance for fire inspectors'identification and inspection.