论隋朝骈文观念的文质演变与骈文创作

On the Evolution of Parallel Prose Concept and Its Creation in the Sui Dynasty

隋朝统一天下并促进了南北学术的融合,大体而言文帝与炀帝一重北儒,一重南儒。北方儒学笃守质朴的风气影响了士人的文化品质,骈文成为儒学精神外显的形式而显现出典实质朴的文体特征。南方骈文则与其雅俗共赏的儒学精神一脉相承,华靡骈俪。在学风递嬗的背景下,隋杨二帝时期的骈文观念呈现出典实质朴到典丽重气的嬗变。相较之下骈文作品的成就与骈文观念不同步,文帝朝的骈文成就整体上高于炀帝朝,究其原因在于北齐入隋的山东文士成为文帝朝文坛的主导,而隋炀帝时期的骈文观念则对初唐骈文产生了有益的影响并成为了文学史上的重要一环。

The Sui dynasty unified the whole country and promoted the integration of northern and southern learning.Generally speaking,the Emperor Wen and the Emperor Yang respectively emphasized northern Confucianism and southern Confucianism.Northern Confucianism adhered to an ethos of simplicity which influenced the cultural quality of intellectuals,and parallel prose as an embodiment of this Confucian spirit attached importance to content and showed an elegant and simple style.Southern parallel prose,on the other hand,inherited the Confucian spirit of appreciating both the highbrow and the lowbrow and revealed a sophisticated and exquisite style.In the context of the changing learning atmosphere,the concept of parallel prose during the reign of these two emperors shifted from stressing on contents and elegance to emphasizing style and exquisiteness.In comparison,the achievement of parallel prose writing was not in line with that of concept.The overall achievement of parallel prose writing during the reign of the Emperor Wen was higher than that during the reign of the Emperor Yang because scholars from Shandong who joined the Sui dynasty from the Northern Qi became the dominant literary force.However,the concept developed in the reign of the Emperor Yang exerted positive influence on the parallel prose writing in the early Tang dynasty and it became an important link in the history of literature.