虫草粉联合酵母硒对蛋鸡产蛋高峰中期产蛋性能、蛋品质、抗氧化性和免疫功能的影响

Effects of Cordyceps Powder Combined with Yeast Selenium on Laying Performance,Egg Quality,Antioxidant and Immune Function in Middle Egg-laying Peak of Laying Hen

为了研究虫草粉(古尼虫草地顶孢霉培养物)联合酵母硒对蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、抗氧化功能和免疫功能的影响,试验选用450羽24周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复15羽。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ~Ⅳ组饲喂添加0.1 mg/kg酵母硒联合不同剂量虫草粉(0、0.2%、0.3%和0.4%)的基础饲粮,试验期27周;选取产蛋高峰中期(第40周龄)蛋鸡进行产蛋性能、鸡蛋品质、免疫功能和抗氧化功能分析。结果显示,与对照组相比,产蛋高峰中期试验Ⅲ组蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均蛋重均显著提高,料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05);鸡蛋哈夫单位、蛋壳颜色、蛋壳强度、蛋黄颜色、蛋清粗蛋白质含量、蛋黄粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量均显著升高(P<0.05),蛋清中必需氨基酸Leu、Lys、Met、Trp、Phe、Thr、Val和His及非必需氨基酸Ala、Asp、Glu、Pro和Tyr水平也显著增加(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组蛋鸡的蛋壳颜色、蛋壳强度、哈夫单位和蛋清粗蛋白质含量均显著提高(P<0.05),蛋清中必需氨基酸Ile、Gly、Arg和非必需氨基酸Cys、Ser水平均显著增加(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ~Ⅳ组蛋鸡蛋黄、蛋清中硒含量均显著增加(P<0.05)。同时,与对照组相比,产蛋高峰中期试验Ⅲ组蛋鸡血清MDA含量显著下降(P<0.05),WBC数量、血清IFN-γ和IL-2水平及T-AOC和T-SOD活性均显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,饲粮中联合添加酵母硒和适量的虫草粉能明显提高产蛋高峰中期蛋鸡的产蛋性能和鸡蛋品质,增强机体免疫力和抗氧化能力,以0.1 mg/kg酵母硒联合添加0.3%虫草粉的效果最佳。

The purpose of this study was to study the effects of Cordyceps powder(Cordyceps sinensis culture powder)combined with yeast selenium on laying performance,egg quality,antioxidant function and immune function of laying hens.A total of 45024-week-old Hy-Line variety Brown were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 15 hens per repeat.The control group was fed with basic diet,and groupsⅠ-Ⅳwere fed with basic diet supplemented with 0.1 mg/kg yeast selenium and different doses of Cordyceps powder(0,0.2%,0.3%and 0.4%),respectively.The experimental period was 27 weeks.The laying performance,egg quality,immune function and antioxidant function of laying hens were analyzed in the middle period of laying peak(40th week).The results showed that compared with control group,the laying rate and average egg weight of laying hens in groupⅢwere significantly higher and the ratio of feed to egg was significantly lower(P<0.05);Haugh unit,eggshell color,eggshell strength,yolk color,yolk crude protein content,yolk crude protein and crude fat content were significantly increased(P<0.05);The levels of essential amino acids Leu,Lys,Met,Trp,Phe,Thr,Val and His and non-essential amino acids Ala,Asp,Glu,Pro and Tyr in egg white were also significantly increased(P<0.05);The eggshell color,eggshell strength,Haugh unit and crude protein content of egg white,essential amino acids Ile,Gly,Arg and non-essential amino acids Cys and Ser in egg white were also significantly increased in groupⅣ(P<0.05),and the selenium content in yolk and egg white were significantly increased in groupsⅠ-Ⅳ(P<0.05).At the same time,compared with control group,the serum MDA content was significantly reduced(P<0.05),the number of WBCs,the serum IFN-γand IL-2 levels,and the T-AOC and T-SOD activities were all significantly increased of the laying hens in middle stage of the egg production peak in groupⅢ(P<0.05).The results indicated that the combination of yeast selenium and appropriate amount of Cordyceps powder could significantly improve the laying performance and egg quality of laying hens in middle of laying peak,enhance immunity and antioxidant capacity,and the effect of 0.3%Cordyceps powder combined with 0.1 mg/kg yeast selenium was the best.