将韧性作为设计的驱动力

With Resilience as the Driving Force of Design

金华白沙堤三十六堰灌区在2020年成功入选世界灌溉工程遗产名录,是浙江省现存最古老的堰坝引水灌溉工程,始建于27年。灌溉农田达1.86万hm^(2),从最上游沙贩堰到最下游中济堰,横跨45 km,水位落差168 m。三十六堰的建设依循“阶梯–深潭”山区河流自然发育的地貌特征,在每个深潭的下游修筑堰坝,利用深潭对水流的消能作用以减小对堰坝的冲击,稳定了白沙溪的河床,并在干旱月份增加堰坝蓄水量。同时,“以潭筑堰”的方式有利于生物多样性保护,有极高的区域生态重塑价值。不同于建设刚性大坝的方式,三十六堰更加因地制宜,以低影响介入、刚柔并济的方式多级修筑堰坝,构建了持久的区域韧性系统,彰显了传统智慧。

Weir 36 Irrigation Area of Baisha Dike,Jinhua,was successfully included in the World Irrigation Engineering Heritage List in 2020.As the existing oldest weir diverting water for irrigation in Zhejiang Province,it was established in AD 27.The weir may irrigate 18,600 hm^(2) of farmland across 45 km from the most upstream Shafan Weir to the most downstream Zhongji Weir,with height of water 168 m.The construction of the Weir 36 follows the geomorphic characteristics of naturally developed mountain rivers of“terraces-deep pools”.A weir was built downstream of each deep pool to reduce the impact of the weir using the energy dissipation effect of the deep pool on the water flow,thus stabilizing the bed of the Baisha Creek,and increasing the water retention capacity of the weir during the dry months.At the same time,“building a weir by deep pool”is conducive to biodiversity conservation with a high value for regional ecological restoration.Different from a rigid dam,Weir 36 is more suitable to local conditions in construction mode.A durable regional resilience system is constructed using a multi-stage construction of weir by low impact intervention of both resilience and rigidity,reflecting a traditional wisdom.