综合护理干预应用于老年糖尿病合并冠心病患者的临床效果及有效性分析

Clinical Effect and Effectiveness Analysis of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention Applied to Elderly Diabetic Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

目的探讨综合护理干预对老年糖尿病合并冠心病患者的有效性。方法2019年2月—2020年8月在东营胜利医院开展临床试验。选取研究患者是糖尿病合并冠心病,随机将146例患者分为干预组(n=73)及对照组(n=73)。对照组患者进行常规护理,干预组进行综合护理干预。对比两组在12个月追访后改变情况,对比两组患者病情管理和干预效果。结果干预12个月后,干预组的血压、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、总胆固醇、体质量指数(BMI)、平均腰围低于对照组,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组疾病教育、药物使用、情绪控制、药物依从性评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在干预前空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),干预后两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平都明显降低,且干预组比对照组明显低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论综合护理小组对老年性糖尿病合并冠心病患者进行干预措施的有效性佳,患者自身疾病认知度以及治疗依从性均得到提高。

Objective To explore the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing intervention for elderly patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease.Methods From February 2019 to August 2020,clinical trials were carried out in Dongying Shengli Hospital.The selected study patients were diabetes mellitus with coronary heart disease,and 146 patients were randomly divided into intervention group(n=73)and control group(n=73).Patients in the control group received routine nursing care,and the intervention group needed comprehensive nursing intervention in addition to routine treatment.The changes in the two groups after 12-month follow-up were compared,and the effects of disease management and intervention between the two groups were compared.Results After 12 months of intervention,the blood pressure,triacylglycerol,low-density lipoprotein(LDL),total cholesterol,body mass index(BMI),and waist circumference of the intervention group were lower than those of the control group,and high-density lipoprotein(HDL)was higher than the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the scores of disease education,drug use,mood control,and drug compliance in the intervention group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels between the two groups of patients before the intervention(P>0.05).After the intervention,the fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of the two groups were significantly reduced.And the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive nursing team's intervention measures for patients with senile diabetes and coronary heart disease are effective,and the patients'own disease awareness and treatment compliance have been improved.